Georges Bruhat

Georges Bruhat (born December 21, 1887 in Besançon ; † January 1, 1945 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp ) was a French physicist.

Life

Bruhat studied physics from 1906 to 1909 at the École normal supérieure of Paris (ENS), among others with Henri Abraham , Marcel Brillouin and Aimé Cotton , and at the Sorbonne , among others with Gabriel Lippmann and Edmond Bouty . After completing his degree in mathematics and physics, he taught for a year at high school and then became a preparatory teacher (preparator) for the ENS, which enabled him to do his doctorate in 1914 at Aimé Cotton in optics . During the First World War he was busy developing sound location devices, for which he was awarded the Croix de guerre . In 1919 he became Maître de Conférences and in 1921 Professor at the University of Lille . In 1927 he became Maître de Conférences and soon afterwards titular professor (without a chair) at the Faculté des Sciences in Paris, seconded to the ENS. In 1935 he became deputy director and 1941/42 director of the ENS. In 1940 he received the chair at the ENS as the successor to Eugène Bloch, who was deposed from the Vichy regime due to anti-Semitic laws . In 1944 he was arrested by the Gestapo for not cooperating with the occupiers in relation to information about resistance movements at the school. He was deported to Buchenwald concentration camp on August 16, 1944 and died of pneumonia on January 1, 1945 in Sachsenhausen concentration camp. In Sachsenhausen he worked in a group of computers that the SS used for military research (headed by Karl-Heinz Boseck ).

Georges Bruhat dealt with research on optics (e.g. optically active media, birefringence, wavelength dependence of absorption and refractive index, polarimeter in the UV range) and was known in France for his four-volume physics textbook ( Cours de physique générale , Masson), whose volume was about Elektrizitätslehre 1924 (8th edition 1963) appeared, the Thermodynamics Volume 1926 (6th edition 1968 edited by Alfred Kastler ), the Optics Volume 1930 (6th edition 1968 edited by Kastler) and the Mechanics Volume 1934 (6th edition 1967). A monograph on polarization was published in 1930 (Traité de la Polarimétrie).

He is the father of the mathematician François Bruhat and the physicist Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat .

Bruhat is one of the three physicists who have been awarded the Prix des trois physiciens since 1951 in honor .

literature

Les trois physiciens Henri Abraham, Eugène Bloch, Georges Bruhat , Éditions ENS Rue d'Ulm , 2009.

Individual evidence

↑ In the dedication by Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat : General relativity and the Einstein equations , Oxford University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-19-923072-3 (English) is "1944", in Evry Schatzman : The desire to understand the world , Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 34, 1996, pp. 1–34, doi : 10.1146 / annurev.astro.34.1.1 (English) “December 31, 1944”.

personal data
SURNAME	Bruhat, Georges
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	French physicist
DATE OF BIRTH	December 21, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH	Besançon
DATE OF DEATH	January 1, 1945
Place of death	Sachsenhausen concentration camp

[1] In the dedication by Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat : General relativity and the Einstein equations , Oxford University Press, 2009, ISBN 978-0-19-923072-3 (English) is "1944", in Evry Schatzman : The desire to understand the world , Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 34, 1996, pp. 1–34, doi : 10.1146 / annurev.astro.34.1.1 (English) “December 31, 1944”.