Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat
Yvonne Suzanne Marie-Louise Choquet-Bruhat (born Bruhat ; born December 29, 1923 in Lille ) is a French mathematician and theoretical physicist who deals with partial differential equations and in particular general relativity .
life and work
Choquet-Bruhat is the daughter of the physicist Georges Bruhat (1887–1945) and the philosopher Berthe geb. Hubert (1892-1972). She graduated from high school (Baccalaureat) in 1941 and won second prize in physics in the nationwide Concours General . From 1943 she studied mathematics at the École normal supérieure (ENS) in Sèvres , where she graduated with top marks in 1946, then worked there as an assistant and in 1951 was taught by André Lichnerowicz at the CNRS (Center National de la Recherche Scientifique) on proof of existence of solutions some nonlinear partial differential equations (partly published in Théorème d'existence pour certains systèmes d'équations aux dérivées partielles non linéaires . Acta Mathematica, Vol. 88, 1952, pp. 141-225). From 1949 to 1951 she was a research assistant at the CNRS. In 1951/52 she was at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton and from 1952 at the University of Marseille. In 1958/59 she was at the University of Reims and from 1960 professor in Paris at the Faculté de Sciences and then at the Université Pierre et Marie Curie , where she stayed until her retirement, but continued to teach until 1992.
Choquet-Bruhat is co-author of a two-volume textbook on mathematical physics in which differential forms are consistently used. She worked in particular on the initial value problem (Cauchy problem) in general relativity, relativistic hydrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics , gravitational shock waves and gauge theories.
In 1979 she was elected to the French Academy of Sciences and in 1985 to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . In 1958 she received the CNRS gold medal. In 2003 she received the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics with James W. York . In 1986 she gave the Noether Lecture (On Partial Differentials Equation of Gauge Theories and General Relativity). In 1970 she was invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Nice ( Problèmes mathématiques en relativité ). In 2006 she gave the ICM Emmy Noether Lecture .
She was married to the mathematician Gustave Choquet and has two daughters and a son. She is the sister of the mathematician François Bruhat .
Fonts
Monographs
- with Cécile DeWitt-Morette , Margaret Dillard-Bleick : Analysis, manifolds and physics . Elsevier, Amsterdam 2000, ISBN 0-444-50473-7 .
- Distributions: theory and problems . Masson, Paris 1973. BNF 353981119
- Géométrie différentielle et systèmes extérieures . Dunod, Paris 1968.
- Graded bundles and supermanifolds . Bibliopolis, Naples 1989.
- Problems and solutions in mathematical physics . Holden Day, San Francisco 1967.
- General Relativity and the Einstein Equations , Oxford University Press 2009 ISBN 978-0199230723 .
Essays
- Problème de Cauchy global en relativité générale , Séminaire Jean Leray 2, 1969-1970, pp. 1-7 (French).
- with Demetrios Christodoulou , Mauro Francaviglia: On the wave equation in curved spacetime , Annales de l'institut Henri Poincaré (A) Physique théorique 31, 1979, pp. 399-414 (English) Zbl 0454.58016 MR574143 .
- Hyperbolic partial differential equations on a manifold . In: Bryce S. DeWitt et al. a .: Relativity, groups and topology . North-Holland, Amsterdam 1984, ISBN 0-444-86858-5 .
- Positive energy theorems . In: Bryce S. DeWitt et al. a .: Relativity, groups and topology II . North-Holland, Amsterdam 1984, ISBN 0-444-86858-5 .
literature
- Moshé Flato (Ed.): Physics on manifolds. Proceedings of the international collquium in honor of Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, Paris, June 3-5, 1992 . Kluwer Publications, Dordrecht 1994, ISBN 0-7923-2500-1 .
- James W. York : Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat . In: Nina Byers, Gary Williams (Eds.): Out of the shadows. Contributions of twentieth-century women to physics . CUP, Cambridge 2006, ISBN 0-521-82197-5 .
- Daniel Bennequin : Une présentation de l'oeuvre mathématique de Madame Choquet-Bruhat, in: Des femmes dans les mathématiques contemporaines, Revue de l'Association femmes & mathématiques, numéro spécial, July 2001, pp. 11–31.
- Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat: A lady mathematician in this strange universe: Memoirs, World Scientific 2018
Web links
- Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat - biography on the Noether Lectures page, 2005 (English)
- Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat - Biography at Agnes Scott College by Lawrence H. Riddle, December 8, 2010 (English)
- Videos by Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat in the AV portal of the Technical Information Library
- Yvette Kosmann-Schwarzbach: Women mathematicians in France in the mid-twentieth century (Arxiv 2015)
Individual evidence
- ↑ In the 1950s she also published as Yvonne Fourès-Bruhat
- ^ Noether Lecture 1986, New Orleans
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Foures-Bruhat, Yvonne |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French physicist and mathematician |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 29, 1923 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lille |