Gustave Choquet

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Gustave Choquet at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Warsaw, 1983

Gustave Alfred Arthur Choquet (born March 1, 1915 in Solesmes ; † November 14, 2006 in Lyon ) was a French mathematician who was particularly concerned with functional analysis , potential theory and topology .

Life

Choquet studied from 1934 to 1938 at the École normal supérieure in Paris with Arnaud Denjoy and Georges Darmois (1888-1960), among others . In 1937 he was first in the aggregation tests. In 1938/9 he was on a scholarship in Princeton . During the Second World War he did research with the support of the CNRS and received his doctorate in 1946. From 1946 to 1947 he taught at the Institut Français in Poland. He then was Maître de conférences at the University of Grenoble (1947 to 1949) and at the Sorbonne , where he was professor from 1950 (after a short time as Maître de conférences 1949) (later at the Universities of Paris VI and Paris-South ). In 1984 he retired. At the same time he was a professor at the École polytechnique from 1960 to 1969 .

Choquet worked in topology (where he solved a famous problem by Henri Lebesgue ), potential theory, functional analysis and measure theory , among others . His work on compact convex sets in functional analysis is known as the Choquet theory , and the concept of the Choquet margin is related to this. With a paper from 1953 he founded the theory of capacities. This work had applications in probability theory, where the Choquet integral is named after him. Choquet also dealt with axioms of Euclidean geometry.

For many years he had a seminar on potential theory with Marcel Brelot and Jacques Deny and from 1960 one on Introduction to Analysis (Séminaire de l'Initiation à l'Analyse).

Choquet was also active in mathematics didactics and was president of the International Commission for the Study and Improvement of Mathematical Teaching (Gattegno Commission) from 1950 to 1958. He made an effort to introduce geometric ideas into the classroom and also wrote several books on elementary geometry.

He had been a member of the French Academy of Sciences and an officer in the Legion of Honor since 1976 . He was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and an honorary member of the London Mathematical Society . He has received several prizes from the French Academy of Sciences, including the 1968 Grand Prize in Mathematics. In 1961 he was President of the Société Mathématique de France .

His students include Michel Talagrand and Haïm Brézis .

He was married to the mathematician Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat .

Fonts

  • Cours d'analysis , 2nd cycle, CDU (Center de Documentation Universitaire) and École polytechnique, 1955–1960
  • Cours de topologie , Masson, 1964
  • New elementary geometry , Vieweg 1970 (French: L'enseignement de la géométrie , Hermann, 1964)
  • Outils topologiques et métriques de l'analyse mathématique , CDU, 1966
  • Géométrie des complexes , CDU, 1968
  • Lectures on analysis , 3 volumes, Benjamin, 1968

literature

See also

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Choquet, Gustave
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Choquet, Gustave Alfred Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH March 1, 1915
PLACE OF BIRTH Solesmes
DATE OF DEATH November 14, 2006
Place of death Lyon