Gerhart Jander

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gerhart August Jander (born October 26, 1892 in Altdöbern , † December 8, 1961 in Berlin ) was a German chemist .

Live and act

Jander attended the old language grammar school Ernestinum in Rinteln , where he passed his Abitur in 1912. From 1912 he studied chemistry in Munich and Berlin . In 1917, he was with a thesis "On the telluric acid and their alkali metal salts in their behavior than half colloids " in Arthur Rosenheim at the private chemical Scientific Laboratory Berlin N doctorate . From 1918 to 1922 he was assistant to Richard Zsigmondy and Adolf Windaus in Göttingen . In 1921 he completed his habilitation and in 1922 became head of the inorganic chemistry department at the University of Göttingen. Together with his brother Wilhelm Jander , he took part in the 1923 Hitler putsch in Munich. On March 29, 1925 he joined the re-admitted NSDAP with membership number 2,970 . In 1925 he was therefore appointed associate professor in Göttingen.

Since the 1920s, he had been involved in the development of chemical warfare and mask materials on behalf of the Reichswehr, with the support of his loyal private assistant Rudolf Mentzel in Göttingen . On April 25, 1931, he took part as a research assistant at the annual conference of Reichswehr researchers to develop new mask materials . After the “ seizure of power ” by the National Socialists , he was appointed acting director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry in Berlin in 1933 as the successor to Fritz Haber, who had been forced out of office . Together with his assistant Karl Friedrich Jahr , he published his short script "Measure Analysis" here .

In 1935 he resigned from the KWI management and was appointed full professor and director at the University of Greifswald . Together with his colleague Hans Spandau , he wrote the first edition of “Short Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry” until 1940 . During the Third Reich in 1944 arrests and restrictions in his environment caused him to leave the NSDAP. Conversely, people like Springer and Liebknecht Janders promoted the rapid denazification process in 1945, because the Greifswald faculty had to be completely freed from NSDAP party members by the time the university was resumed in February 1946. In the first post-war period he and his colleague Hildegard Wendt created the first edition of the textbook "Introduction to the inorganic-chemical internship" , which was published in West Germany in 1948. In 1949, after passing his diploma examination , Klaus Brodersen began his doctorate “The chemistry in molten mercury (II) bromide” with him. In May 1951 Jander fled the Soviet occupation zone. Hans Beyer took over his chair in Greifswald in 1951.

In 1951 he became director of the Institute for Inorganic Chemistry at the TU Berlin . In 1952 the first edition of his work "Textbook of analytical and preparative inorganic chemistry (with the exception of quantitative analysis)" appeared . Jander retired in 1960, was married and had two children. The son also studied chemistry.

plant

In the 1920s and 1930s, Jander worked on the development of conductometry for quantitative analysis. He was a major pioneer of this method in analytics. His conductometric work with sulfur dioxide is important. Jander researched iso- and hetero-polyacids and polybases and used many physicochemical methods (conductometry, determination of diffusion coefficients, potentiometric and thermometric titration). He investigated the conversion of monoanions to polyanions (with aluminum, chromium and iron ions). Another area of ​​work was the determination of dialysis and diffusion coefficients, and the manufacture of membrane and ultrafine filters.

Fonts

  • Gerhart Jander, Karl Friedrich year : measurement analysis . Collection Göschen. Walter de Gruyter & Co., 16th edition 2003
  • Gerhart Jander, Hans Spandau: Short textbook of general and inorganic chemistry. Springer, 7th edition 1973
  • Gerhart Jander, Ewald Blasius: Textbook of analytical and preparative inorganic chemistry. Hirzel, Stuttgart, 16th edition 2006 (edited by Joachim Strähle, Eberhard Schweda)
  • Gerhart Jander, Ewald Blasius: Introduction to the inorganic-chemical internship (including the quantitative analysis). Hirzel, Stuttgart, 15th edition 2005 (edited by Joachim Strähle, Eberhard Schweda)

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ H. Kahlert: The power-through-joy chemist Wilhelm Jander . In: Nachr. Chem. Techn. 63 , 1176-1179 (2015). doi : 10.1002 / nadc.201590403
  2. ↑ a b Ernst Klee : The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich . Who was what before and after 1945. 2nd, updated edition. Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2005, p. 283.
  3. ↑ Florian Schmaltz: On the cooperation between Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes, the military and industry , Wallstein Verlag 2005 | p. 41-50 - [Martin Jander: The wrong victims. In: taz . January 7, 2006 (Review of a book by Florian Schmaltz on warfare agent research by the Kaiser Wilhelm Society).]
  4. ↑ Seizure of power in 1933 in the KWI .
  5. ↑ Book review "Maßanalyse" 1st edition March 1935 in Arch. Pharm. 273 , 62 (1935) .
  6. ^ Book review 1st edition November 1940 in Z. f. Electrochem. and applied phys. Chem. 46 , 648 (1940)
  7. ↑ Industrial chemist Otto Liebknecht was arrested several times by the Gestapo because of his Jewish and socialist origins. - The publisher Ferdinand Springer junior was relieved of his professional position in November 1942 as a "mixed breed 1st degree". - Pastor Alfons Maria Wachsmann was arrested on June 23, 1943 and executed on February 21, 1944.
  8. ^ "Chemistry professor Gerhart Jander finally settled in the West" in Ostsee-Zeitung of November 28, 2016.
  9. ↑ Including the 5th edition from 1962, Hildegard Wendt was named as co-author. From the 6th edition (1964) Ewald Blasius followed as co-author.
  10. ↑ summarized in G. Jander and K. Brodersen, Z. anorg. allg. Chem. 261, 261 (1950) , 262, 33 (1950) , 264, 57 (1951) , 264, 76 (1951) , 264, 92 (1951) and 265, 117 (1951) . - These publications were received by the publisher between December 1949 and January 1951.
  11. ↑ with Hildegard Wendt as co-author. From the 4th edition from 1962 with Ewald Blasius as co-author.
personal data
SURNAME Jander, Gerhart
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jander, Gerhart August (full name); Jander, Gerhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH October 26, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Altdöbern
DATE OF DEATH December 8, 1961
Place of death Berlin