Court of Liebenstein
The court of Liebenstein was a territorial administrative unit, which was initially under the sovereignty of the Landgraviate of Thuringia or various Ernestine duchies and was lent to the lords of lords of Stein-Liebenstein . It belonged to the Upper Saxon Empire . In 1680 it fell to the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen .
The Liebenstein court was administered from the Altenstein office from 1800, while the judiciary continued to be handled independently until the administrative and territorial reform of the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen in 1827.
Geographical location
The small area of the court of Liebenstein was located in the north-western area of the Thuringian Forest in the valley of the Grumbach , a right tributary of the Werra . While it belonged to the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen, the court belonged to the Meininger Unterland . Today it is located in the west of the Free State of Thuringia and belongs to the city of Bad Liebenstein in the Wartburg district .
Adjacent administrative units
| Altenstein Office (Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen) | ||
| Altenstein Office (Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen) |
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Altenstein Office (Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen) |
| Exclave Barchfeld (to the Hessian rule Schmalkalden ) | Office Frauenbreitungen (County of Henneberg, after 1680 to the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen) |
history
prehistory
In the 13th and early 14th centuries, the area around Liebenstein belonged to the sphere of influence of the Lords of Frankenstein . The Liebenstein Castle was first documented in the 14th century. The name Liebenstein ("Lybinstein"), first mentioned in 1406 , was initially only borne by the castle, which was located about three kilometers (as the crow flies) east of Altenstein Castle . There are diverging opinions in the literature about their builders and their motives. Both the Lords of Stein at Altenstein Castle and the Lords of Frankenstein will be considered.
Due to numerous feuds and indebtedness, the Lords of Frankenstein had to sell a large part of their possessions to the Counts of Henneberg , who were related to them. In 1353, the area came to the Wettins through a Hennberg inheritance , who lent Liebenstein to the Lords of Stein in 1360 .
Liebenstein in the fiefdom of the Lords of Stein-Liebenstein
After the Altenstein was handed over to the Frankensteiners, the Knights from Stein can be found on the Liebenstein from 1386 onwards. They establish the Liebensteiner line " Stein zu Liebenstein ". The Lords of Stein held high and low jurisdiction over Liebenstein.
In the Peasants' War in 1525, the Liebenstein Castle was saved, as the lord of the castle Lips von Stein submitted to the peasants for pretense and was able to save his property from destruction and looting. A fire mentioned in 1567 destroyed parts of the castle. It came into being when the Reich Execution Army captured the Liebenstein, which was set off to Thuringia with the settlement of the Grumbach trade in order to restore peace in the country. Hermann von Stein repaired the castle until 1599 and recommended a newly discovered mineral spring at the Aschenberg to his liege, Johann Casimir von Sachsen-Coburg (1610). This was known to the local residents as Suerborn , which means Sauerbrunnen , and gave the settlement around the source its name. In 1648 the Sauerbrunnen settlement already had 170 inhabitants.
Through several divisions of the Ernestine duchies , the feudal lordship over Liebenstein came to the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha after 1644 . After the male castle owners of Stein died out , the Liebenstein served as a widow's residence until 1667. With the extinction of the Liebenstein line of the Lords of Stein, all property fell to the Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, Ernst the Pious, as a settled fief . In 1677, the village of Grumbach, which belongs to the Liebenstein castle district, received market rights.
Belonging to the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen
In the course of the division of the inheritance of the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg , the Liebenstein Castle came to the Duke of Saxe-Meiningen in 1680 . Duke Bernhard I of Saxe-Meiningen had apartments built for spa guests in Sauerbrunnen and roofed over the newly built fountain.
Liebenstein Castle, including the villages of Grumbach and Sauerbrunnen, was administered by "Richter", which led to the development of the name "Court of Liebenstein". Shortly after the attack, the area was pledged to Sachsen-Meiningen and given in 1710 as a son and daughter loan to the fishermen's family, which was closely related to the ducal house. Friedrich Albert von Fischern arranged for a handsome castle to be built at the foot of the Liebensteiner Burgberg. The von Fischern family acquired the village of Wenigenschweina in 1716 and 1726. The preference of Duke George I for Liebenstein was the reason for the repurchase of the court in 1800. The fishermen's family was found elsewhere, including a. From 1815 she was entrusted with the management of the ducal forests. Since then, the Liebenstein court has been subordinate to the Altenstein office, but the judiciary was handled independently until 1827.
In 1801 the two villages of Sauerbrunnen and Grumbach were united to form a community called " Liebenstein " and a church was built halfway through. Around 1800 Duke Georg I had the first renovation work carried out on the Liebenstein ruins. Under his government the former manor house of the von Fischern family was converted into a spa house, the spa square and the fountain promenade were created, and a bathing and theater was built. A health resort administration was also created to provide entertainment and entertainment for the guests. With the sights of the Altensteiner Park , the Altensteiner Cave and the Liebenstein castle ruins, the flourishing spa town of Liebenstein offered the majority of the aristocratic spa guests a wide range of romantic excursion destinations. In 1814 the eight main mineral springs were given a more careful version and in 1816 the temple of the well, which still exists today, was built over them.
As part of the reorganization of the Meininger Unterland , the Altenstein office with the Liebenstein court was dissolved in 1827 and its administrative area was assigned to the Frauenbreitungen district office and to the newly established Glücksbrunn justice office . As early as 1829, the district office Frauenbreitungen was dissolved again and divided into the two administrative offices Wasungen and Salzungen, whereby the offices of Salzungen, Altenstein with Liebenstein and Frauenbreitungen were combined to form the latter. The jurisdiction was subordinated to the district court Meiningen.
The Herzoglich Meiningische Finanzkammer took over the estate in Wenigenschweina in 1833 and, at the request of the now reigning Duke Bernhard Erich Freund, renamed it to " Marienthaler Schlösschen " after his wife Marie (von Hessen-Kassel) and the corridor to " Marienthal ".
During a structural reorganization of the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen in 1868, the Salzungen administrative office was dissolved and incorporated into the newly founded Meiningen district with other administrative offices in the Meiningen Unterland .
Associated places
- Villages
- Liebenstein , created in 1801 by the merger of Sauerbrunn and Grumbach ("the upper Grumbach")
- Wenigenschweina (since 1716/26), renamed Marienthal in 1833
- Palaces and castles
Individual evidence
- ↑ Manfred Salzmann (Ed.): Between Ruhla, Bad Liebenstein and Schmalkalden (= values of our homeland . Results of the local history inventory in the areas of Ruhla and Schmalkalden . Volume 48 ). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-05-000378-2 , Bad Liebenstein, p. 81-90 .
- ↑ The story of Liebenstein on the Bad Liebenstein homepage ( Memento of the original from February 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
