Germar mark

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Germar-Mark is a term used in the 10th and 11th centuries for an area in parts of Thuringia and Hesse between Unstrut and Werra . The Germar Mark was also called Germara Mark . The Germar-Mark is named after the Thuringian town of Görmar , which was located in the immediate vicinity of a royal court in Mühlhausen and probably served as the administrative center of the Mark.

location

The Germara-Mark is located on both sides of the border between Westergau and Eichsfeld

The Germar-Mark extended west of the lower course of the Werra from Eschwege to Witzenhausen to the east of the Unstrut with the area of Mühlhausen . Parts of the southern and southwestern Eichsfeld were also included . The western border was formed by the high elevations of the Meißner and Kaufunger Wald , as the border of the former Thuringian settlement area. It is assumed whether parts of the western Ringgau with the "Neter or Netragau" and the "Hunethergau" also belonged to the Germarmark. A precise delimitation of the Gaue is difficult because the affiliations and the names have changed at different times.

The mark lay between the Westergau in the south and the actual Eichsfeldgau in the north, the relationship between these three districts is not exactly known. Other neighboring districts were the Altgau in the east and the Franconian Hessengau in the west.

history

Written first mentions of the mark are available for 974 and 994. Until the beginning of the 9th century, Northern Hesse and Thuringia, which already belonged to the Frankish Empire, were threatened by incursions by the Saxons . To ward off these incursions, the Franconian rulers secured these border areas by setting up so-called brands . After the incorporation of Saxony into the Frankish Empire, the Germar-Mark lost its importance.

In 974 Otto II gave his wife Theophanu the goods Frieda, Eschwege, Mühlhausen, Tutinsode (near Mühlhausen) and Schlotheim. Eschwege is mentioned in the Turingia region in Germarene marcha et in comitatu Vuiggeri comitis in Germarmark and again in 994 in pago Germara marca . In 1035 Conrad II probably donated the place Berka near Eschwege ( in loco Birkehe dicto in loco Germaremarcha ) to the Fulda monastery, located in the county of Ludgers ( in comitatu Lutegeri comitis ). There is another mention of the mark in 1071 for Martinfeld in southwest Eichsfeld.

Count:

literature

  • K. Heinemeyer; "The royal court of Eschwege in the Germar-Mark - studies on the history of the royal estate in the Hessian - Thuringian border area". Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 34th piece NG Elwertsche Verlagsbuchhandlung; Marburg 1970
  • Th. Zotz, M Gockel: Die Deutschen Königspfalzen Volume 2, Max Planck Institute for History (Göttingen), Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen 1986, pages 286-293
  • Rolf Aulepp: Was St. Germar already the namesake for Görmar and the Germar-Mark in 632? In: Old Thuringia. Annual journal of the Thuringian State Office for Archaeological Monument Preservation 28 (1994), pp. 255–259

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Helfrick Bernhard Wenck: Hessian State History (Volume 2), Frankfurt and Leipzig, 1789, page 466-473
  2. ^ Karl Christian Leutsch: Margrave Gero: a contribution to understanding the German imperial history , Leipzig 1828, page 156
  3. ↑ RI II, 3 n. 1120, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: [1] (accessed on August 22, 2017)
  4. ↑ RI II, 2 n. 656, in: Regesta Imperii Online [2] (accessed on April 23, 2020)
  5. ↑ "Eschwege, Werra-Meißner-Kreis", in: Historisches Ortslexikon [3] (as of September 17, 2019)
  6. ↑ Berka, Werra-Meißner-Kreis, in: Historisches Ortslexikon [4] (as of May 19, 2017)
  7. ↑ Private website sieland-online.de
  8. ^ Johann Wolf: Eichsfeldische Kirchengeschichte: with 134 documents. Göttingen 1816, p. 72