Society of noble living self-walking water art

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The Society of Noble Living Self-Walking Water Art was a mining company that existed around the middle of the 16th century to promote mining by introducing a new water hoist in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation .

history

For dewatering in mining , the use of water arts to convey, raise and guide water has been documented for thousands of years.

On November 16, 1546 founded Archbishop Hermann of Wied (1477-1552) and Count Wolfgang, Ludwig Heinrich, Georg Albrecht and Christoph Stolberg in the capital of the County of Stolberg in the Harz the company of the noble living self-fluxing water art with the The aim of using a newly invented water art.

Count Heinrich zu Stolberg, Count Ludwig zu Stolberg, Burchard Kranich , Adam Wachendorf and Arnolt von Kempe received an official certificate of this new society on March 20, 1547, represented by the Archbishop Hermann of Cologne, which entitled them to “in all nations” as Representatives of the company to appear and negotiate. Simon Becker from Aarweiler , the new factor in the Wasserkunstgesellschaft, agreed on April 12, 1547 with the trades of the mine in Saalfeld, Thuringia, that the Wasserkunst-Gesellschaft would receive all the copper won by the Saalfeld trade union in the council scales in Saalfeld against payment could. On the following Easter holiday, an agreement was concluded with Count Wolfgang zu Stolberg in the city of Stolberg, which in the subsequent period became decisive for the further development of the Stolberg mining industry. The decision to introduce the newly developed water lifting machine was made at the Eichenberg slate mine in the southern Harz region.

In October 1547, the company also introduced the new water art to the Ilmenau mine in the Thuringian Forest .

In the late summer of 1549, Count Ludwig and Heinrich zu Stolberg sent two envoys to the court of King Ferdinand I in Prague. They offered the king "... that their water artists to raise the drowned and water-needy collieries and mines" in the area of ​​the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation "provide and [...] a number of useful and never used water sources at all costs and publishers [...] in a constant being and plan to spend “. The king granted this request to the two Stolberg counts, as he was assured that it would not cause him any harm. On September 18, 1549, Emperor Ferdinand signed a charter in Prague in which he took the counts and their relatives of water art under royal protection and protection. In addition, within 20 years, those involved should have the right to build their water art in the mines within the Habsburg lands. No other art was allowed to be used in any mine without the prior knowledge of the water art society.

With this far-reaching charter from the king, the Stolberg counts had achieved an important goal. In the event that the water art system had actually been a success, they would have had the monopoly for this innovation in Central Europe. Ultimately, the art failed and accusations of fraud were raised. Count Heinrich wrote about 1549 about the "Cologne swindle society" that was "looked through in good time". Nonetheless, the shareholders continued to try to sell their marvel in Saxony and elsewhere at a profit. In the mid-1550s, the company ceased operations due to unprofitability and indebtedness.

Nothing has been handed down about the technical execution of this "new" water art. The partners insisted on strict secrecy, also from the trades of the mines in which the art was installed.

literature

  • Christoph Bartels , Erika Lorenz: The Glasebach mine - a monument to ore and fluorite mining in the Eastern Harz . In: Der Anschnitt 45 (1993), H. 4, pp. 144-158.
  • Friedrich Battenberg : Stolberg documents: regests to the document holdings and copies of the princes and counts of Stolberg in Ortenberg, in the Hess. Darmstadt State Archives and Magdeburg State Archives 1191–1840 , Darmstadt 1985 (= Repertories of the Hessian State Archives Darmstadt, vol. 21).
  • Jörg Brückner : The Counts of Stolberg as mining entrepreneurs at the beginning of the early modern period , in: Adel in Sachsen-Anhalt , 2007, p. 269ff.
  • Hans-Jürgen Gerhard, Karl-Heinz Kaufhold , Ekkehard Westermann (eds.): European Montanregion Harz , Bochum 2001 (= Montanregion Harz, vol. 1).
  • Walther Grosse : History of the city and county of Wernigerode in their forest, field and street names , Wernigerode [1929] (= research on the history of the Harz region , vol. V).
  • Eduard Jacobs : Small contributions to the coat of arms and seal customer. 3. The seal of the Princely Brunswick Mining Authority to S. Andreasberg 1599 and remarks about the Countess Stolberg mine there , in: Zeitschrift des Harzverein für Geschichte und Altertumskunde 20 (1887), pp. 282–287.
  • Eduard Jacobs: Peter the Great on the Harz and the Count's Hüttenwerke zu Ilsenburg , in: Zeitschrift des Harzverein für Geschichte und Altertumskunde 13 (1880), pp. 243-264.
  • Hans-Jürgen Kraschewski: Operating procedures and work status of the Goslar mining industry on the Rammelsberg from the 16th to the 18th century , Bochum 2002 (= Montanregion Harz, vol. 5).
  • Walter Möllenberg : Document book on the history of the Mansfeld Saiger trade in the 16th century , Halle on p. 1915 (= historical sources of the province of Saxony and adjacent areas, vol. 47).
  • Eckhard Oelke : The old mining around Schwenda and Stolberg / Harz , in: Hercynia, new series, for the fields of botany - geography - geology - palaeontology - zoology 7 (1970), no. 4, pp. 337-354.
  • Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein. Exercising power, administration and possession of a high nobility family in the late Middle Ages , Wiesbaden 2000.
  • Family tree of the mediatized House of Stolberg , 1887.
  • Ekkehard Westermann: Eisleben Garkupfer and its importance for the European copper market from 1460 to 1560 , Marburg / Lahn 1970.
  • Helmut Wilsdorf : Georg Agricola and his time , Berlin: Verlag der Wissenschaften, 1956.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Helmut Wilsdorf : Cultural history of mining . An illustrated journey through times and continents. Verlag Glückauf, Essen 1987, ISBN 3-7739-0476-2 , p. 75 ff . (409 pp.).
  2. ↑ Ekkehard Westermann, Angelika Westermann (ed.): Wirtschaftslenkende Montanverwaltung - Princely entrepreneur - Mercantilism. Relationship between the training of a competent civil service and state monetary and economic policy in the early modern period , Husum 2009.
  3. ^ Eva Labouvie: Nobility in Saxony-Anhalt: court culture between representation, entrepreneurship and family . Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar 2007, ISBN 978-3-412-12906-4 , Nobility and Mining, p. 285 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. ^ Eva Labouvie: Nobility in Saxony-Anhalt: court culture between representation, entrepreneurship and family . Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar 2007, ISBN 978-3-412-12906-4 , Nobility and Mining, p. 281 ( limited preview in Google Book search).