Water monitoring
Water monitoring refers to the recording of chemical , physical and biological properties of a water body over a longer period of time and thus the monitoring of water development and quality .
The European Water Framework Directive also requires the recording of the complex effects in the catchment area of a body of water, i.e. the pedological , structural-geological and climatological conditions and historical and current land use.
Measurements for water monitoring can be: Oxygen content to estimate eutrophication , temperature, pH value , conductivity, redox potential as an indicator for the biological self-cleaning ability of the water, turbidity , spectral absorption coefficient (SAC), TOC value , ammonium - and ortho and total -Phosphate , chlorophyll and nitrate content and heavy metal content .
As a sub-area of environmental monitoring , water monitoring can also provide data for an environmental information system.
Examples
The State Office for Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas in Schleswig-Holstein implements the EU Water Framework Directive in the area of the German North and Baltic Seas by taking samples on the multi-purpose ship Haithabu . In the chemical coastal water monitoring applied there , the general physicochemical parameters are measured directly in a vertical profile using a multi-parameter probe. The nutrient parameters are analyzed directly in the ship's laboratory - pollutants in water and sediment samples in the state laboratory.
Current water temperature, oxygen content, partly also pH value, total chlorophyll, turbidity and flow values in the Elbe area can be accessed online on the information platform Undine of the Federal Institute for Hydrology.
Current measured values and 30-day graphs of water temperature, pH value, conductivity, UV extinction, turbidity and oxygen saturation of the Rhine quality station in Worms are also available online as citizen information: The water monitoring station on the Nibelungen Bridge was built after the Sandoz environmental disaster near Basel . A chemical screening for organic trace substances is done with the help of a combination of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC / MS). The Moselle water investigation station in Fankel is the sampling point of the measurement program of the International Commission for the Protection of the Moselle and Saar (IKSMS). In a joint project between Saarland University and BUND , solar panels are also used at the measuring stations .
Hydrobotanical investigations on the Rurzyca
Oxygen content of the Elbe after the Elbe deepening (more: click on the picture)
Fisheries biologists at work
water quality monitoring station am Allt Dearg
Taking a water sample for water analysis
Measurement using solar panels at Brentford Dock
Rheingütestation Worms in the foot of the Nibelungen Bridge
The State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection in North Rhine-Westphalia uses its own laboratory ship, the Max Prüss , to monitor the water quality . The Rhine and Moselle in Rhineland-Palatinate are monitored by the measuring and investigation ship Burgundy , also as a "floating classroom" for environmental education , in addition to fixed investigation stations and over 100 measuring points on tributaries, the Beluga was a Greenpeace laboratory ship. The German research fleet for marine biology conducts marine research without exhaust technology .
history
Long-term ecological research in the Tyrolean Central Alps at Lake Piburger See and Gossenköllesee (Long-term Ecological Research, LTER) goes back to 1933, and long-term studies are also carried out in the Antarctic Bonney Sea .
Studies of some rivers over longer periods are available. In particular, certain organisms such as fish were considered.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Water monitoring ( memento of the original from October 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Chairs for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry at Saarland University , May 10, 2013. Accessed October 15, 2013.
- ↑ Chemical coastal water monitoring ( memento of the original from October 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , State Office for Agriculture, Environment and Rural Areas. Retrieved October 15, 2013.
- ↑ Current measured values for the Elbe , Undine information platform. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
- ↑ Measured values at the Rheingütestation Worms and the Fankel station ( Memento of the original from May 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessible by clicking on the respective heading of the text section, Wasserwirtschaftsverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
- ↑ Water management / measurement and investigation vessel MS Burgund , July 11, 2013. Retrieved February 6, 2017.
- ↑ Floating classroom , with flyer on learning stations, accessed on February 6, 2017.
- ^ LTER location Tyrolean Alps - ecological long-term research , University of Innsbruck - Institute for Ecology. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
- ↑ Grabemann / Müller: The mouth of the Weser - a literature study on the changes in the last 100 years in hydraulic engineering, hydrographic and ecological terms. GKSS Institute for Physics, 1989
