Piburg lake

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Piburg lake
Ötztal Nature Park - Achstäuse-Piburger See nature reserve - 16 - Natural monument ND 2 2 Piburger See.jpg
The Piburger See from the east
Geographical location Ötztal , Tyrol
Tributaries Piburger Bach
Drain Piburger Seebach
Location close to the shore Oetz
Data
Coordinates 47 ° 11 '42 "  N , 10 ° 53' 20"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 11 '42 "  N , 10 ° 53' 20"  E
Piburger See (Tyrol)
Piburg lake
Altitude above sea level 913  m above sea level A.
surface 13.7 ha
length 805 m
width 250 m
volume 1,820,000 m³
scope 1.9 km
Maximum depth 25.5 m
Middle deep 14 m
PH value 7.9
Catchment area 1.6 km²
Template: Infobox See / Maintenance / PH VALUE

The Piburger See , also called Pipurger See in older sources , is a mountain lake in the Ötztal Alps in Tyrol , which has an area of ​​14 ha and a maximum depth of 25 m. Due to its scenic location and the relatively high water temperatures in summer, it is popular as a destination and a swimming lake. As a natural monument and part of a landscape protection area, it is a habitat for many protected animal and plant species.

geography

Lake Piburg is located at an altitude of 913 m south of the village of Oetz near the hamlet of Piburg, from which the lake takes its name. It is separated from the lower Ötztal by a wooded ridge. The lake is largely surrounded by forest. The banks mostly drop off steeply, flatter areas can only be found at the east and west ends of the lake.

The only aboveground tributary is the Piburg Bach, which opens on the western shore and bed 6 to 22 l / s. However, almost 40% of the amount of water flows underground. At the north-western end, the lake drains via the Piburger Seebach, which flows into the Ötztaler Ache after almost a kilometer and overcoming around 100 meters of altitude .

Emergence

The basin of the Piburger See was originally a valley furrow parallel to the Ötztal. After the last ice age, a landslide blocked it at its southeastern end. As a result, the lake was dammed up on the one hand and the Ötztaler Ache was relocated on the other. The river dug a new bed through the rock, today's Achst falls, a rapids stretch between Habichen and Oetz.

history

Appreciation from Meinhard von Pfaundler
The Piburger See from the west with the Acherkogel
View from the south bank

The Piburger See was first mentioned in 1282, when the Prince, Count Meinhard II , donated it to Stams Abbey . In 1860 Johann Leitner from Oetz bought the lake from Stams monastery for 200 guilders in order to gain land by lowering the water level and to use the water for energy generation. When the plans could not be implemented, he sold the lake on in 1876. There were two more unrealized projects to use the lake with its 100 m difference in altitude from the valley floor to generate electricity, u. a. for the operation of a planned small train into the Ötztal or for the electrification of the Arlbergbahn . In 1929, the then owner of the Piburger See, Meinhard von Pfaundler , obtained the protection of the lake and its surroundings. In 1980 the municipality of Oetz acquired around three quarters of the lake and built a new bathing and boat establishment.

ecology

The catchment area of ​​the Piburger See consists almost exclusively of forests and near-natural areas (93%), only a small part is used for agriculture. Nevertheless, in the 1960s, fertilization of the surrounding fields and bathing resulted in excessive nutrient pollution ( eutrophication ). In 1970 an Olszewski pipe was installed through which oxygen-poor and nutrient-rich deep water is drained, which is replaced by nutrient-poor water from the tributaries. Together with a reduction in fertilization and a reduction in the pollution caused by swimming, the water quality could be significantly improved. Even if the situation worsened in the 1980s, presumably due to a reduced runoff through the Olszewski pipe, the Piburger See is now in a stable mesotrophic state. Mass reproductions of cyanobacteria or phytoplankton , and thus signs of eutrophication, were no longer observed. The visibility depth is 5.2 m (as of July 30, 2012).

The Piburger lake is since 1929 a natural monument and since 1983 part of the 203-hectare nature sanctuary Achstürze - Piburger lake, which is also part of the Nature Park Oetztal is. It is probably the best-studied lake in Tyrol: limnological studies have been carried out since 1931, and an intensive research program at the Institute for Zoology and Limnology and the Institute for Ecology at the University of Innsbruck has been running since 1975 , which has led to numerous scientific publications.

Flora and fauna

Large areas of the bank and the silting zone at the lake drainage are covered with sedges , marsh grass and reeds , plus marsh blood-eye , skullcap and marsh marigold . Fever clover grows in the water near the shore . The Piburger See is one of the highest locations of the white water lily .

The natural fish population includes perch , aitel , rudd and roach . Fish have been used for fishing since the 13th century, today these are rainbow trout , brown trout and lake trout , as well as lake and brook trout . Can be found on the banks, among other reed beetles and grass snakes .

use

Due to its scenic location and easy accessibility, Lake Piburg is a popular destination, and a hiking trail leads around the lake. Since it reaches water temperatures of 23 to 25 ° C, which is unusual for the altitude, in summer it is a popular bathing lake, at the eastern end there is a public bathing establishment and a rowing boat rental. The lake is also popular for fishing and diving. Regular events are or were the hobby triathlon "Piburger Seawurm" and the concert series "Musik am Piburger See", where musicians perform on a mobile lake stage.

Say

There are several legends about the Piburger See. In its place there was once said to have been a beautiful plain with a proud farm. Because the farmers did not honor the High Women's Day ( Assumption of Mary ) and instead imported hay, the whole farm and its residents sank into the ground and a lake spread out in its place. According to other versions, the wrath of heaven was conjured up because the farmer's wife cleaned her son with white bread or a shoemaker worked on Sundays.

Another legend tells of a dragon who lived at the bottom of the lake, but sometimes came out and crawled down into the valley. As he did so, he spat sulfur and fire and colored the grass red with his poisonous breath. This legend should actually have a real core: In the depths of the lake, microorganisms have been detected that consume the oxygen, whereby foul-smelling hydrogen sulfide , methane gas and soluble iron are formed. When these substances reach the surface, which used to be the case with the autumn water circulation , it stinks of sulfur, the methane gas can ignite and the iron forms a red coating on the stones.

Web links

Commons : Piburger See  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f State surveying service: Piburger See depth map (PDF; 1.4 MB).
  2. ↑ a b Land Tirol, Department of Environmental Protection (Ed.): Landscape Protection Area Achsturz Piburger See ( PDF ( Memento of the original from June 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.naturpark-oetztal.at
  3. ↑ State of Tyrol - bathing water monitoring 2012 - results for the 4th examination run in the 5th examination cycle  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 48 kB).@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.tirol.gv.at  
  4. ↑ a b c d Federal Ministry of Health and Office of the Tyrolean Provincial Government (ed.): Bathing water profile Piburger See, lido. Vienna 2011 ( PDF ).
  5. ↑ TIRIS - Tyrolean regional planning and information system .
  6. ↑ a b Pius Amprosi: Presentation of the community Oetz . Oetz 2009 ( PDF ).
  7. ↑ Bernhard Stecher: wöll töll completely - the myth of the Ötztal . Ed .: Agency bp10.at. 1st edition. pb10.at, Oetz 2017, ISBN 978-3-200-05132-4 , p. 206 .
  8. ↑ Pius Amprosi: From the village chronicle - The economic use of water in our community. In: Gemeindebote Oetz. Christmas edition 2006, pp. 22–23 ( PDF ).
  9. ↑ Roland Pechlaner: Accelerated eutrophication in the Pipurger See, Tyrol. In: Reports of the Natural Science-Medical Association in Innsbruck. Volume 56, 1968, pp. 143-161 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  10. ↑ Roland Pechlaner: The restoration of the Piburger See . In: Carinthia II, special issue 31 (1971), pp. 97-115 ( digitized version ).
  11. ^ M. Tarmann-Prem: Share of the Piburger Bach in the nitrogen and carbon input into the Piburger See. Nitrogen and carbon elimination through selective drainage of water from different depths of the Piburger See via the modified Olszewski pipe. In: Annual report of the Limnology Department at the Institute of Zoology at the University of Innsbruck. 1977, pp. 197-201 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  12. ↑ Peter Schaber: The effects of a light source on the extraction of zooplankton with the help of the Olszewski pipe in the Piburger See. In: Annual report of the Limnology Department at the Institute of Zoology at the University of Innsbruck. 1981, pp. 83-101 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  13. ↑ Bathing water database: Piburger See .
  14. ↑ Seawurm: Register now! Every man's triathlon takes place on September 1st. In: impulse. The Tyrolean Oberland. Edition 8.2012, p. 19 ( digitized version ).
  15. ↑ SAGEN.at - THE PIPURGER SEE. Retrieved April 30, 2018 .