Ordinary peasant woman's coat
| Ordinary peasant woman's coat | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common field women's coat ( Aphanes arvensis ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Aphanes arvensis | ||||||||||||
| L. |
The common field women's coat ( Aphanes arvensis ) is a species of plant from the genus field women's coat ( Aphanes ).
features
The common field woman's coat is a gray-green, annual-overwintering or, more rarely, summer annual plant. The shoot axis (stem) is three to 30 cm long, rarely more than 1.5 mm thick, ascending to erect, usually somewhat knotty and hairy, lying close to erect and sticking out.
The leaves are six to 15 (rarely up to 20) mm wide, rarely up to 20 mm long and seven to 15-lobed (rarely up to 21-lobed). The leaf lobes are blunt to pointed and one to three times as long as they are wide (rarely four times). At least the lowest are clearly stalked, the petiole being 2 to 8 mm long. The stipules are three to five (rarely up to seven) mm long and incised on 25 to 40% of their length. They have four to six tips that are once or twice (rarely up to three times) as long as they are wide. Mostly they are triangular and pointed, gradually narrowing, sometimes some are also ovate-elongated and blunt, suddenly narrowing. The flower stalks are completely hairy.
The flowers are 1.8 to 2.7 mm long, blooming up to 2 mm wide and usually slightly protruding from the stipules. They are copiously sticky-haired. The goblet is egg-shaped to elliptical, has furrows between the 8 strongly raised nerves and is very rarely brown-red in color. The sepals are up to 0.8 mm long, 1.3 to 2.5 times as long as they are wide and 0.2 to 0.75 times as long as the sepal cup. At the end are upright to upright-spreading, with a distance of 0.5 to 1 mm between their tips. The flower is jug-shaped and slightly constricted under the sepals. The outer sepals are often missing, they are up to 0.25, in rare cases even up to 0.6 times as long as the sepals. The nuts are 1.2 to 1.4 mm long and brownish. The very similar small-fruited field woman's mantle ( Aphanes inexspectata ) is not constricted below the sepals, has no furrows between the nerves of the calyx and has significantly smaller fruits.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32, 48.
The flowering time extends from May to October, flowers rarely occur in winter.
Occurrence
The natural range of the common field woman's coat includes Europe, where the species occurs in the north to the Shetland Islands, southern Scandinavia and Courland and in the east up to about 25 degrees longitude, and parts of the Middle East. It was introduced in North America, New Zealand and Australia.
The common farm woman's coat grows on and on fields, especially those with winter grain or clover, but can also often be found en masse on fallow land. It is seldom to be found in patchy pasture lawns. It is a character species of the sub-association Aphanenion and is often associated with the common windstalk and real chamomile . The species is rarely found in natural plant communities: In Valais, there have been observations from rock heaths together with dog-tooth grass and Poa concinna and from northern Germany as an accessory component of pine forests. Aphanes arvensis grows on clay soils that are moderately dry to fresh, lime-free to lime-free or superficially decalcified, usually rich in sand, poor in skeletons, rich in bases to moderately acidic, (moderately) rich in nutrients and moderately humane. In the meantime, the species is becoming rarer everywhere due to intensified agriculture.
Other names for the common field woman's coat are Ohmkraut and Ackersinau .
use
Powder and distillate from the species of the genus Aphanes were used in folk medicine as a diuretic , especially in the treatment of bladder stones . The ingredients have not yet been scientifically investigated.
literature
- Sigurd Fröhner: Aphanes . In: Hans. J. Conert et al. a. (Ed.): Gustav Hegi . Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Volume 4 Part 2B: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (3). Rosaceae 2 . Blackwell 1995 ISBN 3-8263-2533-8
Web links
- Ordinary peasant woman's coat. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Aphanes arvensis L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved November 8, 2015.
- Distribution in the northern hemisphere
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
Individual evidence
- ↑ F. Wolfgang Bomble, Plant Portrait Alchemilla arvensis and Alchemilla australis, Bochum Botanical Association
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 547 .
- ^ Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants , published by Philipp Cohen Hannover 1882, page 15
- ↑ David Hoffmann : Naturally healthy - herbal medicine . Over 200 herbs and medicinal plants and their effects on health. Ed .: Element Books . 1st edition. Element Books, Shaftesbury , England , UK 1996, Part Three: The Plant Directory, pp. 60 (256 pp., English: The Complete Illustrated Holistic Herbal . Shaftesbury, England 1996. Translated by Mosaik Verlag).
- ↑ Sigurd Fröhner: Aphanes . In: Hans. J. Conert et al. a. (Ed.): Gustav Hegi . Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Volume 4 Part 2B: Spermatophyta: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (3). Rosaceae 2 . Blackwell 1995 ISBN 3-8263-2533-8 , page 246