Giovanni Lanza

Giovanni Lanza

Domenico Giovanni Giuseppe Maria Lanza (born February 15, 1810 in Casale Monferrato , † March 9, 1882 in Rome ) was Prime Minister of Italy from May 13, 1869 to July 10, 1873.

Life

Although Lanza had a doctorate in medicine, he only practiced the medical profession for a few years, preferred to work on his estate, where he introduced modern cultivation systems, and was a member of the Agricultural Association ( Associazione agraria ). In 1848 he joined an election campaign as a volunteer and was elected member of parliament in various constituencies from the 1st to the 14th legislative period. At first he supported the extreme left and later switched to the conservative side. Lanza then became a member of the commission charged with investigating the Novara defeat , but resisted the ceasefire.

His late affection for enlightened conservatism brought him closer and closer to the moderate camps and resulted in the establishment of the newspaper "Centro-sinistro". He also helped found the newspaper "L'Opinione" and promoted the alliance between Cavour and Urbano Rattazzi . In 1852 he was elected vice-chairman of the House of Representatives and in 1855 he was the initiator of the Italian participation in the Crimean War .

In November 1855 he was named head of the Ministry of Culture by Cavour - he held this office until July 1859 - and served several times as provisional minister of finance. As minister of culture, he was considered a capable reformer, and his successor Casati continued his course. Since he was responsible for the finances before the outbreak of the War of Independence , he financed the preparation of this war.

For the period from April 10, 1860 to March 7, he was elected for the first time as President of the House and was confirmed in this office for the period from December 6, 1867 to November 25, 1868, and a third time from November 19, 1869 to March 12, 1870.

He then became Italian Minister of the Interior from September 1864 to November 1865 in the government of Alfonso La Marmora and presented the law on the move of the capital from Turin to Florence in parliament .

He was Prime Minister from May 13, 1869 to July 10, 1873. He implemented extremely rigid economic reforms and took a neutral position on the war between France and Prussia . On September 20, 1870, he succeeded in annexing Rome to Italy. It is to him that we owe the law of the Guarentigie ( guarantees ), which regulated relations between Italy and the Vatican up to the Patti Lateranensi (Lateran Treaties) in 1929.

After 1876 he decided to dedicate himself mainly to the administrative offices in his homeland Casale Monferrato . From 1878 he was also president of the Associazione Costituzionale ( constitutional association ).

Web links

Commons : Giovanni Lanza  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Giovanni Lanza on Treccani.it
• Giovanni Lanza in the Encyclopædia Britannica
• Giovanni Lanza on the website of the Italian Ministry of the Interior