Novara

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Novara
coat of arms
Novara (Italy)
Novara
Country Italy
region Piedmont
province Novara  (NO)
Coordinates 45 ° 27 '  N , 8 ° 37'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 27 '0 "  N , 8 ° 37' 0"  E
height 162  m slm
surface 103 km²
Residents 103,985 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 1,010 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 28100
prefix 0321
ISTAT number 003106
Popular name Novaresi
Patron saint Gaudenzio di Novara ( January 22nd )
Website Novara
Cityscape with Basilica San Gaudenzio
Cityscape with Basilica San Gaudenzio

Novara ( Piedmontese Noara , Lombard Nuara ) is a city in Italy , capital of the province of Novara , in the Piedmont region with 103,985 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novara .

geography

Novara is about 100 km northeast of Turin and about 50 km northwest of Milan . The city has an area of ​​130 km².

history

Ancient Novaria , which dates back to the founding of the Ligurians , became a Roman Municipium under Caesar and was on the road between Vercellae ( Vercelli ) and Mediolanum ( Milan ). Its right-angled layout could go back to Roman times. In the 4th century the city became the seat of a bishop. After it was destroyed by Magnus Maximus in 386 because of their partisanship for his rival Valentinian II , it was rebuilt by Theodosius . Then it was sacked by Radagaisus (405) and Attila (452).

The «betrayal of Novara» ( Lucerne Chronicle 1513)
Road map of the province

A Duchy of Novara was established by the Lombards and a county by Charles the Fat . The city itself took part in the development of a free commune. In 1110 it was captured by Heinrich V and burned down. Since 1167 it was a member of the Lombard League . Before the end of the 12th century, it accepted the protection of Milan and so came first into the hands of the Visconti and then the Sforza .

In 1500, in the course of the conflict over rule in Italy, an event called the betrayal of Novara took place . During the clashes between France's King Louis XII. and Ludovico Sforza was betrayed when he was discovered in disguise among the retreating Swiss Guards. He had wanted to evade an agreed extradition to the French; this was one of the conditions that there was no battle between the respective armies, both of which consisted of Swiss mercenaries.

On June 6, 1513, the area around the city was the scene of a battle that took place during the Italian Wars between the French under King Louis XII. and the Novara was carried out for the Sforzas defending federal mercenaries of the Holy League and ended in a defeat for the French. In 1515 and 1522, however, Novara fell into the hands of the French. In 1535 it came into the possession of the Spanish line of the Habsburgs with Milan .

In 1706 Novara, which had long before been promised by Filippo Maria Visconti to the Savoy duke Amadeus VIII , was occupied by Savoy troops. With the Treaty of Utrecht (1713), the city and the Duchy of Milan fell to Austria. But after they were in 1734 by Karl Emanuel III. was occupied, it was awarded to him the next year.

After Napoleon's Italian campaign , Novara became the capital of the Dipartimento dell'Agogna, but was returned to the House of Savoy in 1814 . On April 9, 1821, the Austrian field marshal Count Bubna drove the Piedmontese insurgents apart near Novara. On March 23, 1849, the Austrians under Field Marshal Radetzky achieved a decisive victory over the Sardinians in the battle of Novara . This success led to the abdication of Karl Albert and the partial Austrian occupation of the city. The defeat of the Sardinians can be seen as the real beginning of the Italian Risorgimento . The province of Novara was created by decree in 1859 , which at that time also included the provinces of Vercelli , Biella and Verbano-Cusio-Ossola .

Population development
year 1861 1881 1901 1921 1936 1951 1971 1991 2001 2008
Residents 25,144 32,782 44,249 55,447 62,570 69,395 100,680 101.112 100,910 102,862
Source: ISTAT

economy

Today the city has a large market for agricultural products. The main industries are:

  • Production of metal goods
  • Chemicals
  • toy
  • Manufacture of printed matter
Santa Maria Assunta Cathedral

traffic

Attractions

  • The Basilica of San Gaudenzio was built in 1888 and is crowned with a 121 meter high dome.
  • The Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta was built in the neo-Romanesque style in 1863-69 and is the episcopal church of the Novara diocese.

Sports

Novara is home to the football club Novara Calcio , currently playing in the second highest Italian league, Serie B , whose home games are played in the Stadio Silvio Piola .

Twin cities

Novara maintains partnership relationships with the cities

Personalities

Sons and daughters:

Other personalities:

See also

literature

Web links

Commons : Novara  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.