Gliotoxin

Structural formula
General
Surname	Gliotoxin
other names	Aspergillin
Molecular formula	C 13 H 14 N 2 O 4 S 2
Brief description	white to yellow solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 67-99-2 EC number 636-170-3 ECHA InfoCard 100.163.992 PubChem 6223 Wikidata Q413364
properties
Molar mass	326.4 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	200-202 ° C
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 301 P: 301 + 310
Toxicological data	67 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  mouse ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Gliotoxin is a potent mycotoxin (mold toxin ) that is produced by Aspergillus fumigatus , Aspergillus terreus , Eurotium chevalieri and Gliocladium fimbriatum . Since the toxin is primarily formed by the widespread Aspergillus fumigatus, organic waste could also contain increased amounts of this mycotoxin under suitable conditions.

effect

The effect of gliotoxin manifests itself primarily in its immunosuppressive and cytotoxic (cell-toxic) properties. The toxin accelerates natural cell death ( apoptosis ) in animal and human body cells, which usually only occurs after the cell has reached a certain age.

Gliotoxin is also of interest for medical research, as its cytotoxic effect has also been demonstrated in cancer cells . Gliotoxin may therefore also be used in cancer therapy .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Fermentec Biotechnology: Safety data sheet ( Memento of the original of September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . 
2. ↑ Fermentec Biotechnology: Description .
3. ↑ ^{a b} Datasheet Gliotoxin from Gliocladium fimbriatum at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on October 22, 2016 ( PDF ).

literature

• Hans Joachim Seidel, Ludwika Kreja: Studies on the toxicological relevance of MVOCs . ULM 2001 ( PDF - LUBW research report ).