Golubac
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Голубац Golubac |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : | Serbia | ||||
| Okrug : | Braničevo | ||||
| Opština : | Golubac | ||||
| Coordinates : | 44 ° 39 ' N , 21 ° 38' E | ||||
| Residents : | 1,896 (2011) | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+381) +381 12 (012) | ||||
| Postal code : | 12223 | ||||
| License plate : | PO | ||||
| Structure and administration | |||||
| Community type: | city | ||||
| Mayor : | Zoran Pajkić ( DS ) | ||||
Golubac ( Serbian - Cyrillic Голубац ) is a small port and fortress town on the Danube in the northeastern part of the Serbian district of Braničevo on the border with Romania . The city is located southeast of the city of Veliko Gradište and north of Kučevo , which also belong to the Braničevo district .
Location and geography
The Danube forms the northern border of the city with Romania over a length of 52 km. A trunk road runs along the river that connects Golubac with other cities in the region such as Požarevac and Veliko Gradište. Golubac is 130 kilometers from Belgrade . The total area of the municipality is 376 km².
The Đerdap National Park , one of the most important in Southeastern Europe, starts at Golubac and ends at Tekija near the Đerdap 1 dam and hydroelectric power station .
Residents
The Danube city, including the 25 villages in its area, has around 12,500 inhabitants (as of 2011). The population density is relatively low compared to other regions in Serbia and is only 34 inhabitants / km². The ethnic composition includes more than 90 percent Serbs, around 5 percent Wallachians and other peoples, each less than one percent (Montenegrins, Yugoslavs, Hungarians, Romanians, Macedonians, Russians, Czechs, Slovenes, Bulgarians). The unemployment rate in Golubac is around 46 percent. One reason for the low number of inhabitants in this region compared to recent history is the migration to nearby cities such as Požarevac or Veliko Gradište, where there are higher opportunities for work.
| year | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 2002 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residents | 1,373 | 1,743 | 1,779 | 1.924 | 1.995 | 1,909 |
history
The city and fortress were probably founded by Hungarians on the right bank of the Danube in the 13th century . The name is derived from golub , the dove. Correspondingly, Golubac means pigeon town or Taubenburg . Another source says that Golubac was built by the Romans in the 1st century BC. BC was founded here.
Golubac was first mentioned in a Hungarian document in 1335. The place with a fortress was fought over between Hungary and Serbia at that time. After Belgrade, it was the most important fortress on the lower Danube and of corresponding strategic importance. As a result, it changed hands frequently and was partially destroyed and rebuilt. During the Battle of the Blackbird Field (1389) Golubac was in Serbian possession. After the battle, the Ottomans occupied Golubac for the first time. Then Hungary recaptured the city and the fortress. In 1403 the Serbian prince Stefan Lazarević got Golubac as a fief from Hungary. After his death, Golubac was to be returned to Hungary. However, a voivode, Jeremija, handed the city over to the Ottomans in 1427 for reasons not known in detail. In 1444, with the renewal of the Serbian state (the Ottomans occupied Serbia for the first time in 1439), Golubac was in Serbian possession, only to fall back to the Ottomans in 1456. Hungary conquered Golubac for a short time in 1481, and the Habsburgs held it from 1688 to 1690 and from 1718 to 1739. Thereafter, the Ottomans ruled Golubac again until 1867, when they surrendered it and the Belgrade fortress of Kalemegdan to the then Principality of Serbia . The fortress is one of the best preserved in Serbia.
Since then, Golubac has belonged to Serbia, which was part of the state of Yugoslavia between 1950 and 1990 .
Attractions
The Golubac fortress consists of a lower and an upper castle. The remains of an Orthodox church in the upper castle testify to the presence of a Serbian lord of the castle, but nothing is known about him. The well-preserved fortress structures are an attraction for tourists, also on the passing cruise ships. Some buildings stand directly in the water because the water level has risen several meters due to the damming.
Web links
Individual evidence
The population figures were taken from the Serbian Wikipedia page .
- ↑ Golubac Fortress on voiceofserbia.org ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on January 1, 2014
