Green Cardinal
| Green Cardinal | ||||||||||||
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Green Cardinal |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Gubernatrix | ||||||||||||
| Lesson , 1837 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Gubernatrix cristata | ||||||||||||
| ( Vieillot , 1817) |
The yellow cardinal ( Gubernatrix cristata ) is a songbird from the family of tanagers . He is the only representative of the monotypic genus Gubernatrix .
description
The green cardinal reaches a length of 20 centimeters. The male's forehead, skull and hood are black. The eyes and cheek stripes are yellow. The rest of the head, neck and top are olive colored with black streaks. The wings are dark brown. The hand and arm wings are lined with light yellow. The chin, throat and bib are black. The rest of the underside is olive yellow. The control feathers are dark olive to dark brown. The outer tail feathers are yellow. The upper bill is blackish horn-colored, the lower bill is lighter. The legs are brown. The eyes are dark brown. The female is smaller and more gray in color. The juvenile birds are similar to the females, but are darker. His singing is loud and consists of melodic rows of four to five whistling tones.
Way of life
The green cardinal lives in open woodland, especially with mesquite populations, savannas , bushland and steppes at altitudes of up to 700 m. It breeds in the southern spring. Nests and eggs were found in November.
distribution
The main distribution area of the green cardinal is Argentina and Uruguay . In Argentina he comes to the provinces of San Luis , Buenos Aires , La Pampa , Río Negro (between the towns of General Conesa , San Antonio Oeste and Viedma ), Corrientes (in Pay Urbe and Estancia San Antonio ), Entre Ríos (in the Cuchilla regions de Montiel , Ceibas and Estancia La Choza ) as well as in Cordoba ( Chancaní region ). The distribution in Uruguay is limited to Paysandú , Río Negro , Florida and Rocha . Few observations have been made from Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil , the presumed wintering area of the species.
Danger
The green cardinal is a popular cage bird and its population is therefore endangered. Other threats come from overgrazing, the timber industry (especially for firewood and furniture) and from hybridization with the brown- white diuca ( Diuca diuca ). It is listed in Appendix II of the CITES Agreement.
Etymology and history of research
The first description of the Green Cardinal was in 1817 by Louis Pierre Vieillot under the scientific name Coccothraustes cristata . It was not until 1837 that René Primevère Lesson introduced the genus Gubernatrix , for Emberiza gubernatrix Temminck , in 1823, a synonym for the nominate form . This is the Latin word for "management" from "gubernator, gubernatoris, gubernare" for "governor, instruct, guide", which referred to the distinctive crest. The species name »cristata« is the Latin word for »comb, tuft«.
literature
- James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
- Louis Pierre Vieillot: Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle, appliquée aux arts, à l'agriculture, à l'économie rurale et domestique, à la médecine, etc. par une société de naturalistes et d'agriculteurs . tape 13 . Deterville, Paris 1817 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
- René Primevère Lesson: Complément des Œuvres de Buffon, ou Histoire Naturelle des Animaux rares découverts par les Naturalistes et les Voyageurs depuis la mort de Buffon . tape 8 . Pourrat Frères, Roret, Paris 1837 ( babel.hathitrust.org ).
Web links
- Gubernatrix cristata inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015.4. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2013. Retrieved February 3, 2016.
- BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - Yellow Cardinal ( Gubernatrix cristata ) . Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Yellow Cardinal (Gubernatrix cristata) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Green Cardinal ( Gubernatrix cristata ) from Avibase; accessed on December 13, 2019.
- Gubernatrix cristata in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- xeno-canto: sound recordings - green cardinal ( Gubernatrix cristata )
- Yellow Cardinal (Gubernatrix cristata) in the Encyclopedia of Life . Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- Information and photos ( Memento of October 16, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (Spanish).
- Plumage of the green cardinal