grasshopper
| grasshopper | ||||||||||||
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Common grasshopper ( Chorthippus parallelus ), ♂ |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Gomphocerinae | ||||||||||||
| Fever , 1853 |
The grasshoppers (Gomphocerinae) are a species-rich subfamily of the field locusts (Acrididae), whose representatives live primarily in different types of grassland ( meadows , grassland fallow to rarely mowed traffic islands ). The head of the grasshopper usually looks more pointed in profile than that of the related wasteland horror (Oedipodinae). In the stridulation apparatus of the grasshopper, contrary to the wasteland and grass horror (Acridinae), the shrill veins in the front wing are smooth and the shrill ridges on the inside of the hind legs are finely toothed.
The song of the grasshopper is more differentiated than that of the wasteland horror: Most species show an "ordinary song" with which the females are lured, a "rival song" with which the males demarcate their territory from one another, and a "promotional song" in the case of the Courtship . The chants (in identification books usually the "ordinary chant") are an important distinguishing feature for morphologically similar species.
In contrast to the grasshoppers, wasteland and grasshoppers, the Central European field locusts of the subfamily of the creaky hornets ( Catantopinae ) lack the stridulation apparatus. As a further common feature, the latter show a clearly visible peg between the front hips , which in the first three subfamilies is at most a small hump.
Species in Central Europe
- Great mute insect ( Arcyptera fusca )
- Lesser mute insect ( Acryptera microptera )
- Spotted mace insect ( Myrmeleotettix maculatus )
- Red mace insect ( Gomphocerippus rufus )
- Siberian club insect ( Gomphocerus sibiricus )
- Great golden terrestrial ( Chrysochraon dispar )
- Little golden insect ( Euthystira brachyptera )
- Mountain grasshopper ( Stauroderus scalaris )
- Field grasshopper ( Chorthippus apricarius )
- Steppe grasshopper ( Chorthippus vagans )
- Gravel bar grasshopper ( Chorthippus pullus )
- Nightingale grasshopper ( Chorthippus biguttulus )
- Brown grasshopper ( Chorthippus brunneus )
- Misjudged grasshopper ( Chorthippus mollis )
- White-rimmed grasshopper ( Chorthippus albomarginatus )
- Meadow grasshopper ( Chorthippus dorsatus )
- Marsh grasshopper ( Chorthippus montanus )
- Common grasshopper ( Chorthippus parallelus )
- Colorful grasshopper ( Omocestus viridulus )
- Multi-bellied grasshopper ( Omocestus rufipes )
- Red-bodied grasshopper ( Omocestus haemorrhoidalis )
- Black-spotted grasshopper ( Stenobothrus nigromaculatus )
- Heather grasshopper ( Stenobothrus lineatus )
- Small heather grasshopper ( Stenobothrus stigmaticus )
- Dwarf grasshopper ( Stenobothrus crassipes ; widespread in Austria and small relict areas in the Kyffhäuser Mountains , in the Hainleite and in the Huy of Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia, otherwise only in southeastern Europe )
literature
- Heiko Bellmann : Locusts: observe, determine. Naturbuch Verlag, 1993, ISBN 3-89440-028-5
- Heinrich Tauscher: Our locusts. Way of life - determination of species. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1986, 159 pages, ISBN 3-440-05617-1
Individual evidence
- ↑ Köhler, G. (2001): Fauna of the grasshoppers of the Free State of Thuringia . Conservation Report 18: 83–86.
- ↑ Martin Schädler (2009): A new occurrence of the dwarf grasshopper, Stenobothrus crassipes (Charpentier, 1825) (Caelifera, Acrididae), in Germany. Entomological News and Reports 53 (3-4): 203-206.
