Clove hawkweed

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Clove hawkweed
Clove Hawkweed (Tolpis staticifolia)

Clove Hawkweed ( Tolpis staticifolia )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Cichorioideae
Tribe : Cichorieae
Genre : Bartpippau ( Tolpis )
Type : Clove hawkweed
Scientific name
Tolpis staticifolia
( All. ) Sch.Bip.

The Grasnelken-hawkweed ( Tolpis staticifolia ) is a plant from the genus Bartpippau ( Tolpis ) within the family of Compositae (Asteraceae).

description

The clove hawkweed is a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 50 cm. The plant also reproduces vegetatively through subterranean root shoots. The stem is simple and usually not very branched. Most of the leaves are basal; they are linear or linear-lanceolate, blue-green, entire or remotely serrated and narrowed like a stalk; the few stem leaves are linear and have entire margins.

The flowering period usually extends from July to August, in lower elevations it can bloom as early as May. They carry one or up to five flower heads. The cover of the flower head is egg-shaped with a length of 10 to 11 mm. The flaky, floury, but hairless and glandless bracts are quite narrow and pressed against the flower head. The flowers are light sulfur yellow, but when dried, they become greenish like the style. The light brown achenes are about 4 mm long and spindle-shaped. The pappus is single-row and white to slightly off-white.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 18.

Occurrence

The main distribution of the carnation hawkweed is the alpine area, but it also occurs in the French Jura, in the former Yugoslavia, in Hungary and in Albania, also washed down in the foothills of the alpine rivers. In the Alps themselves, the carnation hawkweed rises to altitudes of 2500 meters.

The clove hawkweed thrives on summer-dry, mostly lime-rich, humus-poor and fine- earth poor sand or gravel soils in subalpine open gravel fields , on moraines , in creek rubble, and also on rocks. It is a character species of the Chondrilletum chondrilloidis in the association Epilobion fleischeri.

Taxonomy

In the past, this species was mostly placed in the genus of the hawkweed ( Hieracium ), but today it must be included in the genus Tolpis due to the structure of the shell and the achenes . The specific epithet staticifolia is derived from the Latin meaning "carnation leaf". It was first published in 1773 by Carlo Allioni under the name ( Basionym ) Hieracium staticifolium .

literature

  • Gerhard Wagenitz (Hrsg.): Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . Founded by Gustav Hegi. 2nd revised and expanded edition. Volume VI. Part 4: Angiospermae, Dicotyledones 4 (Compositae 2, Matricaria - Hieracium) . Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1987, ISBN 3-489-86020-9 , pp. 1349–1351, 1451 (revised reprint of the 1st edition (Volume VI / 2 from 1929) with addendum). (Section Description, Occurrence)
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 1014 .
  • Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Tolpis Adanson . In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 4: Plantaginaceae to Compositae (and Rubiaceae) . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1976, ISBN 0-521-08717-1 , pp. 306 (English, limited preview in Google Book search).
  • David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora alpina. An atlas of all 4500 vascular plants in the Alps . Volume 1-3. Haupt, Bern / Stuttgart / Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-258-06600-0 .
  • Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab-Straube (eds.): Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 2: Dicotyledones (Compositae) . Organization for the Phyto-Taxonomic Investigation of the Mediterranean Area (OPTIMA), Genève 2008, ISBN 978-2-8279-0011-4 , pp. 781-782 .
  • Werner Greuter : Compositae (pro parte majore):Tolpis staticifolia In: Werner Greuter, Eckhard von Raab-Straube (Ed.): Compositae . Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2006–2009.

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