Great Chamberlain of Scotland
Holders of the office of Great Chamberlain of Scotland (also Lord Chamberlain of Scotland ) have been known since about 1124. The camerarius dominis regis was placed third in the line of Great Officers of State by King Malcolm and received a salary of £ 200 a year. Originally, he collected the revenues of the crown, at least until Scotland a Treasurer ( Treasurer ) got to the it to the reinstatement of King I. Jacob in 1424, when he paid off the money necessary for the maintenance of the royal household, is no evidence.
The Great Chamberlain was empowered to judge all crimes that were committed in Burghs , as well as the crime of forestalling. The Great Chamberlain was chief judge in the Burghs and held annual court days, the form of which was laid down in the iter Camerarii . Its judgments and decrees could not be questioned by the lower jurisdiction. His decisions were implemented by the bailies of the Burghs. He also set the prices for community supplies and the fees of workers in the mints.
The Chamberlain lost his fiscal functions to the treasurer after 1425. His position was vacant from 1558 to 1565 and from 1569. It was occupied in 1580 for James I's cousin, Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox , whose appearance as Great Officer of State in 1581 was more due to his personal standing with the king than to his office. The office was then held by the respective Duke of Lennox , hereditary from 1603 until 1703 ad perpetuam remantiem Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond , 2nd Duke of Lennox, a two-year-old child, by and in favor of the Crown. No Great Chamberlain has been appointed since then. In 1711 the office was revived as the Commission of Chamberlainry and Trade , which expired with the death of Queen Anne (1714).
Lord Chamberlains
- Edmund, testified to a document in 1124 that Annandale gave to Robert de Brus .
- 1130–1160: Herbert, for Kings David I and Malcolm IV.
- 1160–1165: Nicholas, later Lord Chancellor
- 1165–1189: Walter de Berkeley of Red Castle and Inverkeilor
- 1205–1214: Philip de Valognes , for King William the Lion
- 1214-1219: William de Valognes
- Hugh de Giffard , Lord of Yester and Morham
- John de Melville, for King Alexander II.
- 1216: Henry de Balliol († 1246)
- 1228: David de Bernham (later Bishop of St Andrews )
- 1231–1241: Sir John de Maccuswel (or Maxwell) for King Alexander II.
- around 1250/51: Sir Robert de Meyners
- 1252–1255: William, Earl of Mar , for King Alexander III.
- 1255-1257: David de Lindsay of the Byres
- 1257–1260: Aylmer de Maxwell lord of Caerlaverock , Sheriff of Dumfries , for King Alexander III. , Son of Sir John Maxwell.
- 1260: William, Earl of Mar, again
- 1267: Sir Reginald Cheyne
- 1269: Sir Thomas Randolph, father of Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray ,
- 1278: John de Lindsay
- 1287-1294: Alexander de Balliol
- 1297–1307 John Sandale , under Edward I of England
- 1319: William de Lindsay, for Robert the Bruce
- 1325: Alexander Fraser of Touchfraser and Cowie (who married Mary, the king's sister)
- 1329: John Baptista, for King David II.
- 1327-1329: Robert de Peebles
- 1329–1333: Reginald de Mure for King David II.
- 1333: Sir Robert de Lawedre of The Bass († 1337) (also legal advisor )
- 1334: William Bullock, under Edward Balliol
- 1334–1340: Reginald de Mure , again for David II.
- 1341–1342: William Bullock, again
- 1343-1346: John of Roxburgh
- around 1350–1357: Sir Robert de Erskine
- 1357-1358: Thomas Stewart, 2nd Earl of Angus
- 1358-1359: Thomas, 9th Earl of Mar
- 1359-1363: Walter Fleming of Biggar
- around 1363–1364: Sir Robert de Erskine, again
- 1364–1376: Walter of Biggar, again
- 1376: Michael de Monymusk , Bishop of Dunkeld
- 1377-1382: Sir John Lyon
- 1382: Robert Stewart, Earl of Fife
- 1426: John Forrester of Corstorphine († around 1448), for King James I.
- 1431 George Schoriswood , Bishop of Brechin
- 1458: James Livingstone, 1st Lord Livingston , for King James II.
- 1467: Robert Boyd, 1st Lord Boyd , for King James III.
- 1477: James Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan
- 1483: David Lindsay, 5th Earl of Crawford
- 1488: Alexander Home, 2nd Lord Home , for King James IV.
- 1509: Alexander Home, 3rd Lord Home
- 1516: Malcolm Fleming, 3rd Lord Fleming († 1547 at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh ), for King James V.
- 1547: James Fleming, 4th Lord Fleming († 1558), for Maria Stuart
- 1558–1565 vacant
- 1565: John Fleming, 5th Lord Fleming († 1572)
- from 1569: vacant
- 1581: Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox , for King James VI.
- 1594: Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox (hereditary from 1603).
literature
- Sir John Scot of Scotstarvet, Director of Chancery, The Staggering State of the Scots' Statesmen, Edinburgh, 1754, pp. XX-XXII and 186-188.
- George Burnett, Lord Lyon King of Arms (Ed.), The Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, Volume II, pp. 1359-1379, Edinburgh, 1878; A list of the Chamberlains of Scotland is attached to the preface. See also p. CXXIII.
- James Balfour Paul, A History of the House of Douglas, Volume II, London 1902, p. 3,
Remarks
- ↑ Typically buying up goods before they hit the market and then selling them yourself at a higher price. The "forestell" mentioned in the Domesday Book was one of three reasons that allowed King Edward the Confessor to seize property.