Gregorio (software)

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Gregorio

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Basic data

developer Br. Samuel Springuel, Henry So, Élie Roux, Br. Elijah Schwab, Jakub Jelínek u. a.
Publishing year 2006
Current  version 5.2.1
( April 6, 2019 )
operating system Windows , macOS , Linux
programming language C , Lua , Python
category Music software
License GPLv3 ( Free Software )
gregorio-project.github.io

Gregorio is a free music notation program , especially for setting Gregorian chant in Roman square notation for all common operating systems. Gregorio is not a stand-alone music notation program, but essentially consists of three components: the gabc syntax for the notation of the chorale, a TeX package called GregorioTeX for outputting the notes in a PDF file and a conversion tool between the former.

particularities

Gregorio is written specifically for the Gregorian chant sentence in square notation . The program does not master modern European music notation . Unlike many other music notation programs, it does not offer a graphical user interface, but rather the notation is done, similar to LilyPond , via a source file in a text editor . Unlike Lilypond, Gregorio is not a stand-alone software, but is in a certain sense a LaTeX package. A TeX document is required to create a score. The stand-alone performance of Gregorio is to compile a .gabc file into a GregorioTeX file. gabc is the file for entering notes and follows the syntax defined by Gregorio. The GregorioTeX file is not intended for editing and is difficult to read by humans. It is integrated into a TeX document and then provides the desired output, e.g. B. to a PDF file.

history

The Gregorio Project was created in 2006 as a six-month student project at TELECOM Bretagne under the direction of Yannis Haralambous. Then Élie Roux published the program under the GPL and developed it on his own. Initially, the aim was only to develop a user interface for the Abbey of Le Barroux to enter an existing font for Gregorian chant. For licensing reasons, however, a separate font was created for the project.

At the end of 2006, a new developer, Olivier Berten, joined the project and wrote an OpusTeX component (OpusTeX was a LaTeX package, also for setting Gregorian chants; development has been discontinued). In this phase Gregorio was already usable via the command line. The program made significant progress with its introduction at the Monastero di San Benedetto, Norcia (Italy). Gregorio's output has been renamed to GregorioTeX.

The migration to GitHub took place in June 2014 , which significantly accelerated the development process and attracted new developers. The quality of the music notation increased significantly, which led to increasing awareness and use. A list of projects that Gregorio uses can be found on the project's own wiki. Perhaps the most prominent user is Solesmes Abbey , which played a crucial role in the restitution of Gregorian chant in the 19th and 20th centuries. The abbey commits Gregorio to all future publications.

The package has been gregoriotexpart of TeX Live since 2016 .

Example of a score

There are two files that can be used to create a score: a .gabc file and a .tex file. The gabc syntax is particularly important for notation. The Tex file could look like this (the associated Gabc file should be in the same directory as "kyrie.gabc"):

Source code

\documentclass[12pt, a5paper]{article}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\usepackage{libertine}

\usepackage[autocompile]{gregoriotex}

\begin{document}

\gregorioscore{kyrie}

\end{document}

A small gabc file looks like this: 

name:Kyrie XVII;
%%
(c4)KY(f)ri(gfg)e(h.) *() e(ixjvIH'GhvF'E)lé(ghg')i(g)son.(f.) <i>bis</i>(::)

At the beginning there is meta information that can concern the name of the chant, its place in the liturgy of the mass or in the liturgy, the source or the copyright. This is followed by the definition of the clef. In contrast to Lilypond, sung text and notes are not separated, but the notes are in brackets behind the corresponding syllable. The short reference provides a brief overview of further details of the notation. If both files are in the same directory, then only the tex file would have lualatex --shell-escape kyrie.texto be compiled with the command .

Resulting representation

Kyrie-17-09.png

Distribution and users

In its specific niche, Gregorio has established itself as the leading program and is widely used. It is also perceived as a specialist in this field by other projects.

The Church Music Association of America offered introductory training at its annual meetings.

Other Gregorio users are:

  • Illuminare Publications, a series of publications on liturgical music dedicated to reforming the liturgy in the sense of Liturgiam authenticams . It includes a "Missal" and a "Simple Gradual" .
  • The CMAA uses Gregorio for various larger projects, e.g. B. for the "Simple English Propers", the "Parish Book of Psalms" or the "Psalm-Tone Lenten Tracts"
  • Hymnarium OP, a hymnarium of the Dominicans of the province of St. Joseph (east coast of the USA)
  • Solesmes Abbey for its publications
  • The Abbazia Mater Ecclesiæ and the Praglia Abbey for their "Antiphonale Monasticum" according to the Füglister B scheme (2 volumes), completely created with Gregorio and LuaLaTeX
  • The Benedictine monastery of Norcia, e.g. B. for the sentence of grace
  • "Liturgia Horarum in cantu gregoriano", a publication of the traditional Liturgy of the Hours in sung form for all Sundays and public holidays, and "Ad Completorium", an excerpt from it published as a book, namely Compline
  • Some other, smaller projects

Projects in the area

There are also projects that make working with Gregorio much easier:

  • GregoBase, a very extensive sheet music database, which u. a. an almost complete digitalisation Graduale Romanum and the Liber Usualis includes
  • Online tools such as online editors or gabc code generators for psalms, readings or hymns
  • Syntax highlighting for the gabc syntax for various editors (including Vim , Emacs , gedit , Notepad ++ )

Gregorio was included in a comparison of notation software for early music.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Employees. In: GitHub . Retrieved June 13, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Release 5.2.1 . April 6, 2019 (accessed April 6, 2019).
  3. ↑ a b story. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  4. ↑ Installation and Use of OpusTeX. ( Memento of the original from May 15, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 23, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hermes.net.au
  5. ↑ gregoriochant.org
  6. ↑ TeX User Group: The TeX Live Guide / 2016. Accessed March 26, 2018 .
  7. ^ Gregorio Tutorial. Retrieved on May 23, 2016. The entire example is taken from this page.
  8. ↑ gregobase.selapa.net (PDF).
  9. ^ Gregorio Website - Using Gregorio in a terminal. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  10. ^ A b Morning Breakouts at Colloquium XXII . CMAA. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  11. ^ A b Adam Bartlett: Simple English Propers . The Church Music Association of America. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
  12. ^ A b Arlene Oost-Zinner: The Parish Book of Psalms . The Church Music Association of America. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
  13. ^ A b Gregorio Website - History . Gregorio Project team. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  14. ↑ The developer of MuseScore , Nicolas Froment, sees no need to add square notation as a functionality to his project, as Gregorio already covers this niche. MuseScore 2.0 brings better music notation, improved usability . Libre Graphics World. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
  15. ^ Adam Bartlett (Editor): Lumen Christi Missal, 2012, p. iv.
  16. ^ Adam Bartlett (Editor): Lumen Christi Simple Gradual, 2014, p. viii.
  17. ↑ Aristotle A. Esguerra: Psalm Tone Lenten Tracts . The Church Music Association of America. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
  18. ^ Hymnarium OP . Dominicans of the Province of St Joseph. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
  19. ^ Antiphonale Monasticum . Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  20. ^ Antiphonale Monasticum di Praglia (video presentation) . Retrieved February 19, 2018.
  21. ^ Benedictiones Mensae . Retrieved May 16, 2018.
  22. ↑ a b Liturgia Horarum in cantu gregoriano . Steven van Roode. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  23. ↑ Antiphonale Invectum . Christopher Gray. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
  24. ^ Editio Sancti Wolfgangi . Jakub Pavlík. Archived from the original on July 15, 2016. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 13, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / stiwolfgangi.xf.cz
  25. ↑ Ferial English Propers . Ben Yanke. Retrieved May 16, 2018.
  26. ↑ The Traditional office of Compline in HTML and GABC . Seth Borders. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  27. ↑ The Traditional office of Compline in HTML and GABC . Benjamin Bloomfield. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  28. ↑ Office of Complies s rite traditionnel . Jacques Peron. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  29. ↑ Online tools. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  30. ↑ gregobase.selapa.net
  31. ↑ dev.illuminarepublications.com
  32. ^ Gregorio Chant Engraver . Jeff Ostrowski. Retrieved July 14, 2016 .. This Gregorio interface was also presented in a video tutorial. How do I use Gregorio? How do I use GABC? . Jeff Ostrowski. Retrieved July 14, 2016.
  33. ^ Benjamin Bloomfield: Benjamin Bloomfield's GABC Tools, FAQ . Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  34. ↑ GregoWiki - text editor tools for gabc files . Gregorio Project team. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  35. ↑ Encoding medieval music notation for research J. Stinson, J. Stoessel - Early Music 42.4 (2014), pp. 613–617 - Oxford Univ. Press.