Goat bream
| Goat bream | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Goat bream ( Diplodus sargus ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Diplodus Sargus | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The SARGO ( Diplodus sargus ), also banded sea bream or Large SARGO (subspecies D. sargus sargus called), is a Meerbrassenart that in several subspecies in the Mediterranean , the Black Sea , in the eastern Atlantic, in the central Atlantic to the islands of Madeira , St. Helena and Ascension , as well as in the southwest Indian Ocean .
features
The goat bream is high-backed and flattened on the sides. Most specimens of the species are about 22 cm long, the largest measured length is 45 cm, the maximum weight 1.9 kg. The body is light to silvery gray, the rear edge of the caudal fin is black. There are 8 to 9 horizontal stripes on the sides, 4 to 5 of which are stronger. The stripes can be clearly seen, especially at night. A black, oval spot on the caudal fin stalk is characteristic of the species. The distance between the front edge of the eye and the tip of the mouth is greater than the diameter of the eye in the goat bream. The goat bream can be distinguished from the similar pointed bream ( Diplodus puntazzo ) by the steeper head profile and the less pointed mouth. The goat bream can live to be ten years old.
- Fin Formula : Dorsal XI-XII / 12-15; Anal III / 11-14.
Way of life
Diplodus sargus lives in small, loose groups in rock reefs near the coast or in seagrass meadows from Posidonia species at depths of 0 to 50 meters and also goes into the surf zone and in brackish water . It feeds on mussels , crustaceans , bristle worms , sea urchins and other bottom-dwelling invertebrates, and juvenile fish also on algae. A special feature of the billy bream is the variable sexual development - some individuals are proterandric hermaphrodites (first male, later female), while others do not change their sex in the course of life. It also happens that both sexes evolve from juvenile hermaphrodites . In the eastern Mediterranean the animals spawn from January to March, in the western from March to June.
Subspecies
- Diplodus sargus ascensionis (Valenciennes, 1830); Ascension
- Diplodus sargus cadenati (De la Paz, Bauchot & Daget, 1974); South Africa
- Diplodus sargus helenae (Sauvage, 1879); St. Helena
- Diplodus sargus kotschyi (Steindachner, 1876), western Indian Ocean
- Diplodus sargus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1830)
- Diplodus sargus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758); Mediterranean, Black Sea
literature
- Hans A. Baensch / Robert A. Patzner: Mergus Sea Water Atlas Volume 7 Perciformes (perch-like) , Mergus-Verlag, Melle 1998, ISBN 3-88244-107-0 .
- Matthias Bergbauer, Bernd Humberg: What lives in the Mediterranean? 1999, Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, ISBN 3-440-07733-0
- Bent J. Muus, Jørgen G. Nielsen: The marine fish of Europe in the North Sea, Baltic Sea and Atlantic. Kosmos, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-440-07804-3 .
Web links
- Diplodus sargus on Fishbase.org (English)
- Diplodus Sargus . Fisheries Global Information System. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.