Large short-nosed bag
| Large short-nosed bag | ||||||||||||
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Greater short-nosed bucket ( Isoodon macrourus ) |
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| Isoodon macrourus | ||||||||||||
| ( Gould , 1842) |
The large short-nosed bucket ( Isoodon macrourus ) is the largest and most widespread species of short-nosed bucket . It inhabits the northern and eastern coastal regions of Australia (from north-west Australia to eastern New South Wales) and also lives in southern New Guinea.
Systematics and distribution
The species is divided into three subspecies:
- The nominate form , Isoodon macrourus macrourus , lives in the north of the Northern Territory and in the north of Western Australia and on Groote Eylandt .
- Isoodon macrourus moresbyensis occurs in the south of New Guinea .
- The distribution area of Isoodon macrourus torosus extends from the Cape York Peninsula in northern Queensland to the Hawkesbury River in southeast New South Wales . In the. torosus is also found on Fraser Island , North Stradbroke Island, and South Stradbroke Island .
features
The large short-nosed butler is the largest type of short-nosed butler and reaches a head body length of 30 to 47 centimeters, has a tail 8 to 21.5 cm long and weighs up to 3.1 kilograms. Adult males are 80 to 90% heavier than the females. The back fur is light to dark brown and bristly. The belly is light gray or whitish and the belly hair is less bristly than the back hair. The tail is covered with short, dark hair. The ears are hairless and are kept erect. Ears and tails of the males are often scarred due to intraspecific disputes.
Way of life
The animals live in savannas, open forests and occasionally in rainforests. If there is cover in the form of vegetation, they also dare to venture into areas shaped by humans, e.g. B. in gardens. In the west the distribution area is limited by the 625 mm isohyete (line of equal precipitation). Large short-nosed pouches are solitary and nocturnal. They spend the day in nests, which are usually just scratched hollows under tall tufts of grass, rocks, branches or piles of leaves. They feed mainly on invertebrates and small vertebrates, such as lizards and birds, on their eggs, but also on fruits, seeds, roots, plant storage organs, fungi that grow underground and other plant parts.
Reproduction
After a gestation period of 12.5 days, the female gives birth to one to seven young, in most cases 3 to 4. In the southern regions of the range, females usually have more young than in the north. The bag opens backwards and has eight teats. The pups leave the pouch after 50 days and are weaned at 60 days of age. Females are sexually mature at 3.5 months, males are then 6 months old.
Danger
The IUCN lists the large short-nosed bag because of its large distribution area, the large population and because there are several protected areas in the distribution area as Least Concern.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Christopher Dickman: Family Peramelidae (Bandicoots and Echymiperas). Page 389 in Don E. Wilson , Russell A. Mittermeier : Handbook of the Mammals of the World - Volume 5. Monotremes and Marsupials. Lynx Editions, 2015, ISBN 978-84-96553-99-6
- ^ IUCN Red List , accessed April 9, 2018