Large stone graves near Molmke
| Large stone graves near Molmke | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 The large stone grave whey |
|||
|
|||
| Coordinates | 52 ° 43 '59.1 " N , 10 ° 52' 20" E | ||
| place | Diesdorf OT Molmke , Saxony-Anhalt , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3700 to 3350 BC Chr. | ||
The megalithic graves near Molmke were originally ten, maybe even twelve, megalithic graves from the Neolithic deep- engraving pottery culture near Molmke , a district of the community of Diesdorf in the Altmark district of Salzwedel , Saxony-Anhalt . Today only one complex still exists, the rest of them were destroyed in the 19th century.
location
The preserved grave 1 is located about 1.4 km west of Molmke in a field. About 1.5 km southeast of grave 1 were, according to Johann Friedrich Danneil, grave 2 and grave 3 only about 30 m to the south from this. 150 m from these two graves, although the direction has not been handed down, was grave 4, grave 5 was about 75 m west of this. Grave 6 was located near the megalithic graves near Diesdorf, grave 7 about 45 m to the east. Grave 8 was about 1.5 km southwest of Molmke and grave 9 just 40 m east of it. According to Danneil's description, there were three round hills near Farmer Kray's farm, and at least one of them must have been a large stone grave.
There are several other large stone graves in the vicinity. The large stone graves are located 540 m northwest of the preserved grave near Diesdorf . The Drebenstedt large stone grave is located 2 km to the southeast (one of the original five structures that have been preserved). The megalithic graves are located 2.7 km north-north-west near Schadewohl .
Research history
The graves were first described in 1843 by Johann Friedrich Danneil . At the beginning of the 1890s, Eduard Krause and Otto Schoetensack discovered that only one grave had survived when the large stone graves of the Altmark were taken again. The remaining facilities had been destroyed in the meantime. In 2003-04, all remaining large stone graves in the Altmark were recorded and measured as a joint project of the State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology of Saxony-Anhalt , the Johann Friedrich Danneil Museum in Salzwedel and the association “Young Archaeologists of the Altmark”.
description
The preserved grave 1
Grave 1 belongs to the large dolmen type . The mound is elongated and 1.3 m high. It was originally located within the grave enclosure, but has now flowed beyond it. The border is oriented northwest-southeast and trapezoidal. Its length is now 27 m, but can be reconstructed to the original 28.6 m, the width is 7.0–8.5 m. The edging still consists of 25 stones, one of which has broken. In the north-west, in the area of the burial chamber, there are no surrounding stones. On the southeast side there are two guardian stones , one of which has broken.
The burial chamber is oriented northwest-southeast and is located in the northwest part of the enclosure. It originally consisted of 18 bearing stones and six cap stones, all of which have been preserved. However, the cap stones fell into the chamber and probably pushed the bearing stones outwards. A capstone is broken. The two largest cap stones measure 2.4 m × 1.5 m × 0.5 m or 2.5 m × at least 1.2 m × 0.7 m, the other stones have (apart from one with a length of only 2 , 2 m) almost identical dimensions. The chamber is trapezoidal and has a length of 9.9 m. Their width is 2.1–3.2 m.
Destroyed graves
Grave 2
Grave 2 was 15.7 m long and 6 m wide. At Danneil's investigation the chamber still had its wall stones, but the capstone was already missing. The exact type of grave cannot be determined with certainty based on this information.
Grave 3
Grave 3 was 20.1 m long and 6.6 m wide. The surrounding stones had already been completely removed during Danneil's investigation. The burial chamber, however, was still intact. It had four cap stones, each 2.5 m long, which apparently all still rested on the wall stones. The chamber was probably a large dolmen or a passage grave.
Grave 4
Tomb 4 was 13.2 m long and 9.1 m wide. It was probably oriented north-south. The burial chamber was 3.5 m long. During Danneil's investigation, the cap stones and the guard stones at the southern corners of the enclosure were already missing . Due to its size, the chamber was likely to have been an enlarged dolmen or a large dolmen.
Grave 5
Grave 5 was 26.4 m long and 13.2 m wide. The surrounding stones were largely missing from Danneil's investigation. The burial chamber was narrow and had a slipped capstone. The exact type of grave can no longer be determined.
Grave 6
Grave 6 had a burial chamber with a length of 10 m and a width of 2.2 m. It had three cap stones; it was therefore a large dolmen or a passage grave.
Grave 7
Grave 6 had a burial chamber with a length of 9.1 m and a width of 2.5 m. It had four cap stones; it was therefore a large dolmen or a passage grave.
Grave 8
Grave 8 was 13.2 m long and 5.3 m wide. It was oriented east-west. In Danneil's examination only individual stones were missing from the enclosure. At the western end was the burial chamber. She had a slipped capstone. The exact type of grave cannot be determined.
Grave 9
Grave 9 had a burial chamber with a length of 5.3 m and a width of 1.9 m. It had two capstones; it was therefore an enlarged dolmen or a (incompletely preserved) large dolmen.
Grave 10
In Danneil's investigation, grave 10 only consisted of a round hill, the stone structures of which had already been completely removed. The grave type can therefore no longer be determined. There were two more hills next to it, which made an unspoilt impression. It could have been more large stone graves with completely mounded burial chambers, but also Bronze Age burial mounds .
See also
literature
- Hans-Jürgen Beier : The megalithic, submegalithic and pseudomegalithic buildings as well as the menhirs between the Baltic Sea and the Thuringian Forest. Contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe 1. Wilkau-Haßlau 1991, pp. 57–58.
- Wilhelm Blasius : Guide to the megalithic grave monuments in the western part of the Salzwedel district. In: Thirty-first annual report of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History and Industry. Issue 2, 1904, pp. 101-102 ( PDF; 8.1 MB ).
- Hartmut Bock , Barbara Fritsch, Lothar Mittag: Great stone graves of the Altmark . State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt and State Museum for Prehistory, Halle (Saale) 2006, ISBN 3-939414-03-4 , pp. 133–135.
- Johann Friedrich Danneil : Special evidence of the barrows in the Altmark . In: Sixth annual report of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History and Industry . 1843, p. 102 ( PDF; 5.5 MB ).
- Eduard Krause , Otto Schoetensack : The megalithic graves (stone chamber graves) of Germany . I .: Altmark . In: Journal of Ethnology . Vol. 25, 1893, p. 146 / no. 77, Plates VI / 77, VII / 77 ( PDF; 39.0 MB ).
- Britta Schulze-Thulin : Large stone graves and menhirs. Saxony-Anhalt • Thuringia • Saxony . Mitteldeutscher Verlag, Halle (Saale) 2007, ISBN 978-3-89812-428-7 , p. 43.
Web links
- The Megalithic Portal: Whey Stone Grave
- KLEKs Online: Big stone grave whey
- grosssteingräber.de: The Molmke large stone grave near Salzwedel
- strahlen.org: Large stone grave "Molmke", Molmke near Salzwedel, Altmark
Map with all coordinates: