Groswin

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of the "Dukes of Groswin" from the Codex Gelre
Groswin castle wall in PUM 1835

Groswin is the name of a former castle and the surrounding province in the area south of the Peene . She was probably between Stolpe and Anklam . The exact location is not known. Johannes Micraelius suspected it to be near the Stolper district of Neuhof. According to other theses, the castle was located near Grüttow, Görke or Müggenburg .

In the foundation deed of the diocese of Havelberg dated to the year 946 , the country Groswin was first mentioned as Brothwin . However, this document is now presumably a forgery.

If you ignore this controversial document, the next and then first document is from 1136 with the name Groswine . Groswin was first officially designated as a castle with the name Groswim in 1140 when Pope Innocent II established the boundaries of the Pomeranian diocese .

The provincia and the castrum Groswin formed the easternmost center in the central Peene region. Groswin was reported in connection with Waldemar I's campaigns of 1164 and 1174. 1185 Groswin was from the Danes under Canute VI. and destroyed their reproachful allies.

Groswin was mentioned for the last time in a document in 1234 and a castellan named Jacobus was named. Parts of the country Groswin and the tithe from this area had been assigned to the Stolpe Monastery as early as the 12th century . Groswin's importance declined with the rise of Anklam in the 13th century from a market town to a Hanseatic city .

In the Codex Gelre , a book of coats of arms from the end of the 14th century, a coat of arms of the "hertoge va groetswün", probably the "dukes of Groswin", is depicted. This should mean a sideline of the ruling Greifenhaus in Pomerania , which resided in Groswin or at least belonged to Groswin. Considered for example is Duke Bogislaw VII († 1404), a younger brother of the reigning Duke Swantibor III. (~ 1351-1413).

The castle wall not far west of Neuhof on the southern high bank was named "Grosswin" in the Prussian Urmesstischblatt in 1835, Kunkel also named it in 1932 in his castle wall register with "Groswin". Surface finds date the ramparts to the Middle Slavic period. The castle wall is a registered ground monument.

literature

  • Robert Klempin : Introduction . In: Gustav Kratz : The cities of the province of Pomerania. Outline of their history, mostly based on documents . A. Bath, Berlin 1865, reprint: Sendet Reprint Verlag, Vaduz 1991, p. 27ff.
  • Robert Klempin: Pomeranian document book . (PommUB), Volume I 786-1253, 1st Division, Stettin 1868.
  • Hans Heinrich Reclam: Duchy of Groswin in Western Pomerania. In: Baltic Studies . Volume 62 NF, 1976, ISSN  0067-3099 , pp. 23-27.
  • Joachim Wächter : On the history of the settlement of the middle Peeneraum. In: Contributions to the history of Western Pomerania: the Demmin Colloquia 1985–1994 . Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 1997, ISBN 3-931185-11-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gerhard Becker: On the Groswin question
  2. ↑ PommUB . No. 10 (Cod. No. 6), pp. 4-5
  3. ^ A b Manfred Niemeyer: Ostvorpommern . Collection of sources and literature on place names. Vol. 2: Mainland. (= Greifswald contributions to toponymy. Vol. 2), Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, Institute for Slavic Studies, Greifswald 2001, ISBN 3-86006-149-6 . P. 44
  4. ^ Walter Schlesinger: Comments on the so-called deed of foundation of the Diocese of Havelberg from 946 May 9 . In: Yearbook for the history of Central and Eastern Germany . No. 5, 1956, pp. 1-38
  5. ↑ PommUB . No. 30 (Cod. No. 16), p. 12

Coordinates: 53 ° 51 ′ 38 "  N , 13 ° 36 ′ 54"  E