Grote (German-Baltic noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Grote

Grote is the family name of a Baltic noble family who were raised to imperial nobility on March 29, 1775 and in 1797 to the nobility register of the Livonian knighthood . It produced important Estonian state politicians , state councilors and senior officers .

The Baltic noble family Grote has no agnatic connection with the old Lower Saxon family von Grote from the Principality of Lüneburg .

history

As the progenitor of the Baltic applies Grote Lütke Grote , who was mentioned in a document in Bremen on February 21 1625th It came from the Verden monastery , which came to Sweden as the territory of Bremen-Verden in 1648 through the Peace of Westphalia . In 1625 Lütke Grote took the citizenship oath in Bremen . His two sons Helmcke Grote (* 1653) and Gerat Grote († 1666) were also citizens of the city of Bremen. Helmcke's son was Gerdt Grote (* 1674) and his son Wilhelm Grote (1698–1772), who was born in Bremen, moved to Riga . Gerat Grote's († 1666) son Johann Grote emigrated to Riga in 1654, where he became a senior man of the Great Guild , Councilor and Mayor in 1699 , and died in 1719. Johann Grote took Wilhelm Grote (1698–1772) in Riga as a foster son . Wilhelm became a merchant and was a senior man in the Great Guild of Riga, the Naukschen estate was in his lien (see possessions). His grandson Friedrich von Grote (1768–1836) from Riga was a co-founder of the Livonian Güter Kredit Sozietät and from 1806 to 1810 its chief director. From 1812 to 1830 he served as district deputy and from 1830 to 1822 as land marshal .

Lineage

  • Wilhelm Grote (* 1698 in Bremen; † 1772 in Riga), merchant, senior man of the Great Guild, pledge holder of Naukschen and Rujenbach
    • Adam Heinrich von Grote (* 1735 in Riga; † 1817), merchant and senior man of the Great Guild in Riga, 1775 raised to the German imperial nobility, entry into the Livonian knighthood, 1797 Livonian indigenous people, lord on Naukschen, Puderküll, Heringshof with Hessenhof and Jummerdehn
      • Friedrich von Grote (1768-1836), Land Marshal in Livonia
        • Line I .: Heinrich Wilhelm von Grote (1797 - 1878), Rittmeister and Imperial Russian State Councilor , Lord of Naukschen and Rujenbach
          • Friedrich Wilhelm Michael von Grote (* 1823 in Saint Petersburg , † 1892 in Baden-Baden ), Imperial Russian "Real Councilor of State"
          • Eduard Heinrich Alexander von Grote (* 1824 in Saint Petersburg, † 1859 in Zermatt )
          • Nikolaus Friedrich Wilhelm Michael von Grote (1828-1882), Imperial Russian State Councilor
        • Line II : Moritz Friedrich von Grote (1799 - 1884), Russian colonel and Livonian district administrator , Lord of Lemburg, Carolen, Kawershof and Langenss, Taurp and Jummerdehn
          • Friedrich Wilhelm Michael Maria Alfred von Grote (* 1823; † 1895 in Saint Petersburg), thigh at the Imperial Russian court and senator
          • Karl Georg Wilhelm Maria Nikolaus von Grote (* 1826 in Saint Petersburg, † 1911 in Dorpat ), Russian cavalry master, real councilor and district deputy, gentleman on Carolen, Kawershof and Langensee
            • Heinrich Alfred Friedrich Alexander Maria von Grote (* 1872 at Kawershof; † 1946 Schöneiche near Berlin), Lord of Calrolen, Kawershof and Langensee
              • Nikolaus Alfred Alexander Maria von Grote (* 1897 in Saint Petersburg; † 1976) Dr. rer. pole.
              • Alexander Friedrich Helmke Maria von Grote (* 1901 in Carolen, † 1945 fallen in Budapest), mechanical engineer
                • Klaus Heinrich Hermann Maria von Grote (* 1934 in Berlin; † 2015 in Glücksburg), IT specialist
                • Michael Alexander von Grote, (* 1938 in Berlin, † 1961 in Cologne), stud. med. vet.
                • Alexandra von Grote (* 1944 in Bad Polzin ), author, director and screenwriter
              • Otto Heinrich Maria von Grote (* 1909 in Carolen, † 1987 in Heusenstamm), legal adviser
              • Alfred Adam Heinrich Maria von Grote (* 1916 in Saint Petersburg, † 1999 in Munich), Colonel i. G.
                • Georg-Wilhelm, Alfred, Heinrich, Maria von Grote (* 1952 in Ratingen) lawyer, journalist
                  • Natalie, Valeska, Maria von Grote (* 1983 in Dachau)
                  • Florence, Nadine, Maria von Grote (* 1983 in Dachau)
          • Alexander Michael Andreas Maria von Grote (* 1829 in Florence, † 1917 in Riga), Livonian District Administrator, Lord of Lemburg and Naukschen

Possessions

The family, which was not very large in numbers, was partly or temporarily owned by the following estates and farms in Livonia: Rujenbach, Naukschen, Heringshof, Hessenhof, Schadenhof, Puderküll, Planup, Moritzberg, Taurup and Jammerdehn. In the Latvian district it was Lemburg Castle with Wittenhof, Carolen with Rebsberg and Kawershof with Langensee.

Good Naukschen

The Naukschen manor is located in northern Latvia and has a two-story manor house on it . It was built in 1820 and renovated in 1843 by Friedrich Gottlieb Gläser in Empire style based on the designs of his landlord Heinrich Wilhelm von Groth (1797 - 1878). Today it houses the Naukšēni Local History Museum.

Good Kollo

This estate ( Estonian : Kolu) was first mentioned around 1639 and remained with the von Grote family until 1874. It later moved to the Middenhof and Schilling families . After the land reform, the manor house was used as a school. The property has been privately owned since 1996 and the manor house has an extensive park.

Kawershof

Since 1541 the village was called Rastgarwe, in the 16th century it became the Restjerw estate and came into the possession of Jürgen Kawer, hence the name Kawershof ( Estonian : Kaagjärve). From 1627 it came into the possession of the Stagnitz, Golovin and von Brüggen families . In 1919 it was acquired by Heinrich von Grote (1872-1946). The stylish neo-renaissance main building was erected in the 1850s (now converted into a school).

Carolen

The Karula Manor ( German : Karolen or Carolen) was founded in 1741 and belonged to the von Delwig, von Brüggen and von Grote families. The elegant two-story main building (from the 18th century, added in the 19th – 20th centuries) has been destroyed. Several outbuildings have been preserved, including the stylish neo-Gothic steward's house, which looks like a medieval castle. Near the center of the manor is the von Grote family cemetery with the neo-Gothic cemetery chapel (in ruins).

Luxembourg Castle

“Lemburg Castle with its imposing transverse gable is located south of Sigulda ( German : Segewold) and was laid out as a fortification by the Teutonic Order around 1386. In 1577, Danish troops took the fortification. The estate was lent to Colonel Niels Asserson Mannerskiöld in 1622 after it was conquered by the Swedish King Gustav Adolf. In 1753 the property went to Mrs. Strauss and later to the district administrator Wilhelm von Taube, who pledged it to Wilhelm von Blankenhagen in 1806. Moritz Friedrich von Grote (1799 - 1884) acquired the property through purchase. In the turmoil around 1905 the manor house was destroyed by fire, but was rebuilt by Alexander Friedrich von Grote (1901 - 1945) in a classicist style based on plans by Wilhelm Bockslaff (1858 - 1945). The daughter Else ran the estate until it was expropriated in 1920. Various uses of the building as a school, administrative center and rest home followed. In 2008 the building was restored for Wilhelm Bockslaff's 150th birthday and is now used as a hotel. In the garden there is a bronze statue in honor of Wilhelm Bockslaff ”.

  • Manor house in Naukschen

  • Manor on Kolu

  • Factory building on the Kawershof

  • Luxembourg Castle or New Castle of Sigulda

coat of arms

The blazon of the family coat of arms of March 29, 1775 reads: In silver three natural deciduous trees on a green lawn, in between a running gray wolf. A natural deciduous tree on the helmet with the green and silver helmet cover .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Citizens' Book of the City of Bremen, Volume 1599-1642, p. 78
  2. ^ Johann Grote Baltic Historical Commission (Ed.): Entry on Johann Grote. In: BBLD - Baltic Biographical Lexicon digital
  3. ↑ Grote. In: August 1817-1820, Volume 5 by Horlacher, Rebekka; Tröhler, Daniel: All letters to Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, editor Rebekka Horlacher, Daniel Tröhler, Verlag Walter de Gruyter, 2013 [1] , accessed on October 8, 2018
  4. ↑ Rujenbach = et: Tēdiņi mõis
  5. ↑ Good Naukschen et: Naukseni mõis
  6. ^ Collo [2] , accessed on October 8, 2018
  7. ↑ Kawershof. In: Baltic historical local lexicon: Estonia (including Northern Livland), Volume 1 of Baltic historical local lexicon, Gertrud Westermann sources and studies on Baltic history, publisher Hans Feldmann, Heinz von Zur Mühlen, Gertrud Westermann, Verlag Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 1985 page 206 [ 3] , accessed October 8, 2018
  8. ↑ Kaagjärve / Kawershof. In: Estonian Manors [4] , accessed October 8, 2018
  9. ↑ Karula / Karolen. In: Estonian Estates [5] , accessed October 8, 2018
  10. ↑ Luxembourg Castle. On: Lost unlost places [6] , accessed on October 4, 2018