Group 33

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The Group 33 was an anti-fascist alliance of Basel artists of 1933 in protest against the conservative tendencies of the Swiss Society of Painters, Sculptors and Architects (GSMBA) was founded.

history

On May 10, 1933 - the day the book burnings took place in Germany - the group 33 artists' association was officially founded in Basel . The founding members included Otto Abt , Walter Bodmer , Walter Kurt Wiemken , Paul Camenisch , Theo Eble , Max Sulzbachner , Serge Brignoni , Louis Léon Weber , Rudolf Maeglin , Otto Staiger and Willy Hege .

Other members were Irène Zurkinden , Max Haufler , Charles Hindenlang , Meret Oppenheim , Hermann Eidenbenz , Walter Gürtler , Kurt Seligmann , Carlo König , Ernst Musfeld , Walter J. Möschlin , Bénédict Remund , Adolf Weisskopf , Thomas Keller , Alex Maier and Hans Rudolf Schiess . The architects Paul Artaria , Hans Schmid , Ernst Egeler , Giovanni Panozzo , Otto Meier and Ernst Mumenthaler also joined Group 33 . The Basel art historian and curator Georg Schmidt acted as the group's mentor.

For the first time, Gruppe 33 went public with its work on the 1933 Christmas exhibition. In 1942, Gruppe 33 exhibited its works for the first time outside of Basel, in the Palais de Rumine in Lausanne , and internationally in 1950, in the Parisian Galerie Kléber .

Some members of Group 33 created Basel artist larvae for Adolf Tschudin, who had been making them since 1927 with the support of Otto Abt. Since the street carnival was banned during the Second World War, Group 33 founded Club 33 , which u. a. organized the Zyschdigfescht ( Shrove Tuesday ) in the Kunsthalle Basel . In doing so, they kept Basel's carnival culture alive through the war years: Club 33 was based in Steinenvorstadt and was used for exhibitions, readings, and dance events and became a meeting place for dissident cultural workers . The “ emigrant cabaret ” Pfeffermühle also performed regularly in the clubhouse. The club had to close in 1942.

In 1934, Gruppe 33 campaigned for it to be represented on the commission of the state art credit Basel-Stadt . However, these efforts were rejected by the established members from the GSMBA , whereupon Group 33 took the decision to the federal court, where they were rejected in the last instance in 1935. An agreement was only reached in 1939. In 1940, a minority seat on the commission was regulated, which abolished the monopoly in Basel's cultural policy. The jurors of the GSMBA reciprocated for their loss of power by censoring the applicants from group 33 in art loan competitions: While their share of the annual budget of the art loan until 1934 was 20 to 25 percent, it fell in the decisive years of 1934 / 35 to below ten percent. The clashes between the two groups was rightly referred to as a “windmill war”, behind which the contours of a more threatening culture war emerged: the art-agitation of the Basel frontists . The pressure and polemics from the right-wing camp ultimately led to the end of the conflict between the GSMBA and Group 33.

In 1953 Paul Camenisch was excluded because of his PdA membership and in 1958 Bodmer, Eble and Weisskopf.

At the association meeting on May 27, 1970, the members present Irène Zurkinden, Meret Oppenheim, Otto Abt, Max Sulzbachner, Thomas Keller, Carlo König, Ernst Mumenthaler and Ernst Egeler decided unanimously to withdraw from all commissions and juries and to organize the To give up Zyschdigfeschtes . Group 33 has not existed since then. In 1978, when the last incumbent president Ernst Egeler passed away, the former members withdrew completely from public life.

Years later, a new protest movement formed against the dominant artist organizations Gruppe 33 and GSMBA: Kreis 48 was an artist group from Basel that was formed in 1948 on the initiative of Max Kämpf .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Visarte: History of the GSMBA , accessed on September 23, 2019
  2. ↑ Jana Kouril: Artist larvae. Day of the week, accessed on June 28, 2019 .
  3. ^ Konrad Bitterli: The conflict between group 33 and the GSMBA. Retrieved November 11, 2019 .