Guandong

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Guandong ( Chinese  關 東  /  关 东 , Pinyin Guāndōng , W.-G. Kuan-tung ) means "east of the Shanhai Pass " and means in Chinese the whole of Northeast China . Today the term is usually used to describe the cultural area of Northeast China, has no administrative meaning and is not exactly defined geographically. While the provinces of Liaoning , Jilin and Heilongjiang are clearly "Guandong", the affiliation of Chifeng , Tongliao , Hinggan and Hulun Buir is less clear. During the Qing Dynasty , Outer Manchuria was also counted as "Guandong".

The cultural-geographical description of Guandong includes fixed expressions such as “ White Mountains and Black Water ” or sequences such as “ renshen , diaopi , wula cao ( Carex meyeriana )”, optionally for the latter also “ lurong jiao ”.

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  • Cao, Baoming曹保明: 关 东 木 帮Guandong mubang (Guandong woodcutters). 长春 文史 资料Changchun wenshi ziliao (Changchun Historical Reports of Past Events), No. 46. 长春 Changchun 1995. 4 + III + 239 pages.
  • Cao, Baoming曹保明: 关 东 店铺Guandong dianpu (Guandong pawnbroker). 长春 文史 资料Changchun wenshi ziliao (Changchun historical accounts of past events), No. 54. 长春 Changchun 1999. 3 + 238 pages.
  • Cao, Qingzhong曹庆 中 u. Liu, Yongli刘永利 u. Jin, Hengyi金恒义 (ed.): 关 东风 土 民情 掌故Guandong fengtu minqing zhanggu (Local conditions, customs and traditions and historical anecdotes of Guandong). 吉林 文史 出版社Jilin wenshi chubanshe (Jilin Literature and History Publishing House). 长春 Changchun 1996. ISBN 7-80626-130-3 . 12 + 584 pages, with 4 color plates.
  • Li, Donghong李东 红: 关 东 节令 习俗Guandong jieling xisu (Seasonal Customs of Guandong). 沈 阳 出版社Shenyang chubanshe (Shenyang Publishing House). 沈 阳 Shenyang 2004. ISBN 7-5441-2626-9 . 2 + 2 + 68 pp.
  • Li, Zhiting李治亭 (ed.): 关 东 文化 大 辞典Guandong wenhua da cidian (Great Lexicon of Guandong Culture). 辽宁 教育 出版社Liaoning jiaoyu chubanshe (Liaoning Educational Publishing House). 沈 阳 Shenyang 1993. ISBN 7-5382-1638-3 . 3 + 9 + 80 + 987 pages, with 50 color and 3 b / w plates.
  • Qu, Yanbin曲 彦斌: 关 东方 言 土 语Guandong fangyan tuyu (dialects and vernaculars of Guandong). 沈 阳 出版社Shenyang chubanshe (Shenyang Publishing House). 沈 阳 Shenyang 2004. ISBN 7-5441-2636-6 . 2 + 86 pages.
  • Shi, Lixue施 立 学: 关 东 故事 学Guandong gushi xue (Guandong narrative research). 辽宁 民族 出版社Liaoning minzu chubanshe (Liaoning National Publishers). 沈 阳 Shenyang 1998. ISBN 7-80644-005-4 . 3 + 4 + 215 pages.