Gustav Peters (politician)

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Gustav Peters (born April 20, 1885 in Prague ; † May 4, 1959 in Burghausen , Altötting district ) was a German- Bohemian politician , journalist and 1929–1938 member of the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia.

Life

Born the son of a private civil servant, Gustav Peters studied science and philosophy at the University of Prague after attending the Royal Vineyards State High School . During his studies he became a member of the Carolina Prague fraternity in 1903 , and after 1945 the Carolina fraternity of Prague in Munich. During this time he was also a member of the German People's Council and the Local Council of Prague and 1910–1915 secretary of the Society for the Promotion of German Science, Art and Literature in Bohemia . In 1911 he was promoted to Dr. phil. doctorate and worked as a school teacher for mathematics employed and stood during the First World War (1914-1918) as a flying officer in the military service.

After the end of the war in 1918 and the end of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy , he was the representative of the German-Bohemian national leadership in Czechoslovakia, which was established in 1918, in neutral Switzerland as a leading critic of nationality policy and advocated the Sudeten German demands for political self-determination . From 1920 to 1926 during monetary inflation and exchange rate instability, he headed the German Political Labor Office in Prague, which was renamed the German Political Labor Office in 1930 during the Great Depression and considerable unemployment . From 1926 to 1938 he was managing director of the working group of German business associations . He also represented the ethnic group of the Sudeten Germans until 1934 in the Association of German Ethnic Groups in Europe . He was political advisor to the newspaper Bohemia at that time and in 1930 became a member of the board of directors of its publishing house, Rota-AG for newspaper and book printing .

From 1929 to 1938 Gustav Peters was a member of the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia . Together with Alfred Rosche , he founded the German Economic and Working Group (DWAG), for which he was elected as an economist in March 1929 as a member of the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia. After joining the Sudeten German Party (SdP) he was a member of the House of Representatives from April 1935 to 1938 and was a member of the standing committee of the National Assembly. As a member of the SdP main line and as its representative, he took part in negotiations with Czechoslovak government representatives and the British delegation under Walter Runciman, 1st Viscount Runciman of Doxford, as part of the worsening Sudeten crisis as a board member of the Parliamentary Club of Deputies and Senators of the SdP. After the Munich Agreement and the incorporation of the Sudeten areas into the German Reich from 1933 to 1945 , he was a member of an economic commission in Berlin from December 1938 to March 1939 , which negotiated property law with Czechoslovakia. From 1939 to 1945 he was chief director of the Sudetendeutschen Landesbank and Girozentrale in Reichenberg in northern Bohemia .

After the end of the Second World War in May 1945 Gustav Peters was sentenced to long imprisonment and forced labor until 1954 in the Czechoslovak government's trial against the former members of the Sudeten German Party (SdP). After his expulsion to Bavaria he became chairman of the German section of the Paneuropean Union , published as a journalist and correspondent within the framework of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) eV in Munich. (See Sudetendeutsche Zeitung August 17, 1985) and died in Burghausen in 1959 .

Publications (selection)

  • The daily fluctuations in air pressure in high and low pressure areas. Dissertation at the Charles University in Prague 1911.
  • Aviation before and during the world war. Prague 1918.
  • The Austro-Hungarian War Loans as an Economic and Social Issue for the Minorities of the Czechoslovak Republic. Prague 1927.
  • The new master of Bohemia; an investigation into the political future of Czechoslovakia. Berlin 1927.
  • The Germans in Czechoslovakia. 2nd edition, Berlin 1930 (together with Alois Erben)
  • Articles in the Prager Tagblatt and the Bohemia magazine

literature

  • Ferdinand Seibt , Hans Lemberg , Helmut Slapnicka: Biographical lexicon on the history of the Bohemian countries. Published on behalf of the Collegium Carolinum (Institute) , Vol. III, p. 185 R. Oldenbourg Verlag Munich 2000, ISBN 3-486-55973-7
  • Wilhelm Kosch : Biographical State Handbook 1-2, 1963
  • Fritz Wertheimer : From German parties and party leaders abroad, Berlin Zentralverlag, 1927, 1930
  • Ottuv slovnik naucny vove doby (OSN ND), IV, 2
  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 8: Supplement L – Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2014, ISBN 978-3-8253-6051-1 , pp. 137-138.
  • Christoph Boyer: National opponents or partners ?: Studies on the relations between Czechs and Germans in the economy of CSR (1918–1938), Volume 42, sources and representations on contemporary history, Oldenbourg Verlag , Munich 1999, ISBN 3-486-56237- 1 .
  • Joachim Lilla: The representation of the Reichsgau Sudetenland and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in the Grossdeutsche Reichstag. In: Bohemia . Journal for the History and Culture of the Bohemian Lands, Volume 40, Issue 2, 1999, pp. 451f.
  • Hansjörg Brockmann, Rudolf Simm, Jürgen Wokoek: The Academic Burschenschaft Carolina zu Prague in Munich commemorates their deceased, fallen and murdered brothers. Copyright 2014, p. 141, in short biographies of important Caroliner Peters, Gustav

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I: Politicians. Volume 8: Supplement L – Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2014, ISBN 978-3-8253-6051-1 , pp. 137f.
  2. ↑ a b c Joachim Lilla: The representation of the Reichsgau Sudetenland and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in the Grossdeutsche Reichstag. In: Bohemia . Journal for the History and Culture of the Bohemian Lands, Volume 40, Issue 2, 1999, pp. 451f.
  3. ↑ a b Christoph Boyer: National opponents or partners? Studies on the relations between Czechs and Germans in the economy of Czechoslovakia (CSR) (1918-1938), Munich 1999, p. 427
personal data
SURNAME Peters, Gustav
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-Bohemian politician and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH April 20, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Prague
DATE OF DEATH May 4th 1959
Place of death Burghausen