Good Haanhof

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Gut Haanhof, main building (2009)

The Good Haanhof is above Unkel , a town in the Rhineland-Palatinate district of Neuwied , on the 190  m above sea level. NHN high plateau of the so-called Bruchhauser Heide . Erected in 1837, some buildings are now used by various craft businesses. There is also a settlement of weekend houses in the neighborhood , the weekend place “Bruchhauser Heide”. The living space Haanhof belongs to the district of the district Scheuren , north, the Court concludes Hohen Unkel on. The courtyard is a protected cultural monument .

Aerial photo of Gut Haanhof (2012)

geology

The northwestern part of the Bruchhausen plateau bears the field name "Bruchhauser Heide" - an indication that the natural spatial conditions here differ significantly from those in the rest of the plateau. While fertile farmland extends south and east of Bruchhausen, forests and large green spaces define the picture in the north and west. They are an expression of the difficult ground conditions in this part of the district. On the edge of the Rhine valley, the loess cover is missing over the mighty layers of gravel that the Rhine left on the floor of its original river bed before it dug into its current bed and the characteristic terrace landscape of the Rhine valley was created.

history

Originally the high areas of the municipality of Unkel served as pastureland , the extraction of litter and fodder and the logging . However, over the course of time, excessive use of the forest had resulted in the formation of large areas of heathland , which seriously endangered the community's forests . Around 1785, in economically difficult times, the first attempt to reclaim these areas was made, but without lasting success. To improve the situation, a plan for the cultivation of the communal lands was drawn up again in 1855 together with the forest authorities. In the course of the implementation of this plan, a large part of the heath lands was converted back to forest, whereas the cultivation of arable land was not fully successful. The low profitability of the arable land on the one hand and the competitive situation of wages in the commercial sector on the other hand required additional capital for the reclamation and settlement of the Unkeler Heide areas.

This was the starting point two decades earlier, when Johann Heinrich Aloys Haan, a wealthy Cologne wine merchant and related by marriage to the Geyr von Schweppenburg family in Unkel, acquired part of the heidelands from the community in 1834 and 1836 for a purchase price of 6,000 thalers would have. In 1837 the foundation stone was laid for the construction of what was then known as the “Haanenburg”. He chose the location on the edge of the Rhine valley, the beginning of a gorge cut deep into the rock , which meanders down into the valley in a north-westerly direction. Due to the topography, the critical water supply for the courtyard in the heathland could be ensured by means of wells at this point . The orientation of the manor was based on the best view, which at that time was not blocked by the forest and provided a view far down into the Rhine Valley. Similar to their Cologne town house , the Haan family furnished this country estate with its own chapel , in which services were regularly celebrated during their lifetime.

At the end of the 19th century, 17 servants, 1 shepherd, 1 gardener, 2 maids and 1 nanny were employed on the Haanhof.

After further land acquisition in the Bruchhausen district, Gut Haanhof reached a total area of ​​approx. 110 hectares of arable land and forest. The economic basis of the business was formed by the extensive areas of the Bruchhausen Heath, which were used for arable farming or for dairy farming . Vineyards were on the hillside of the "Eierborner Schlund" in the direction of Rheinbreitbach . The terracing of the vineyard can still be seen in the area on the way to Rheinbreitbach that was afforested in the 1950s.

After the First World War , extensive orchards were the basis of cultivation; especially with sweet and sour cherries .

In the last weeks of the Second World War , the manor buildings were damaged by shelling. The contested bridgehead of the Ludendorff Bridge between Erpel and Remagen is only a few kilometers away as the crow flies. The observation tower of the main building, visible from afar, served the Allies as a target point when they stormed the Rheinhöhe. After the conquest, the Haanhof served as a base for the American troops.

However, the agricultural policy development after the Second World War led here as well as in the Bruchhausen district to the decline of this labor-intensive branch. The large area of ​​the company and the extensive building stock served in the following years for the breeding of fattening pigs and cattle. However, the progressive structural change in agriculture ultimately led to a final reorientation at the beginning of the 1970s: With the reforestation of further arable land in the former heathland, the development of the last century was continued. Individual pastures continued to be used for keeping horses . After the separation of the yard, parts of the building were rededicated and merged into a leisure facility that benefits from its location on the edge of the Cologne-Bonn conurbation.

In the census on May 25, 1987, the Haanhof residential area had 13 residents.

chapel

The chapel of the Haanhof is a baroque rotunda, crowned by a bell tower . The interior is yellow-blue, covered by a starry sky . Johann Heinrich Aloys Haan had it built in 1837 and equipped with a death cellar in which deceased family members were laid out before they found their final resting place in the Melatenfriedhof in Cologne. It can be assumed that the chapel - like the manor house - was furnished with numerous art objects from the inheritance of Jakob Johann Lyversberg .

During the Haan's lifetime until 1870 there was lively ecclesiastical life in the chapel, which also radiated to the neighboring communities. Services were held here from 1840 to around 1870. The organization of the masses in December 1856 was made possible by an apostolic brief from Pope Pius IX. (1792–1878) to Johann Heinrich Aloys Haan with permission to keep the Holy Sacrament permanently during his stay at the “Haanenburg”. After the death of Johann Heinrich Aloys Haan, the services were soon stopped. The roof and interior were badly damaged over the decades; At times the room served as a farm building. After many renovations, it was inaugurated again in 1999. Today the Evangelical Church Community of Unkel-Linz celebrates a service in the chapel every year at Thanksgiving.

Weekend place "Bruchhauser Heide"

After the end of agriculture, a weekend place was opened at Gut Haanhof in the 1970s. Some of the buildings have been converted for what was originally planned as a campsite. Over time, a permanent parking space with mobile homes and log houses developed.

swell

  1. ^ General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - Neuwied district. Mainz 2019, p. 67 (PDF; 6.4 MB).
  2. ↑ 1000 years of Bruchhausen - contributions to local history - a home book. published by the “Heimatbuch Arbeitskreis Heimatbuch” in the Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Bruchhausen. 1995, pp. 109-115.
  3. ^ State Statistical Office Rhineland-Palatinate - Official directory of the municipalities and parts of the municipality

literature

  • 1000 years of Bruchhausen - contributions to local history - a home book. published by the "Heimatbuch Arbeitskreis" in the Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Bruchhausen. 1995, DNB 951397737 .
  • Joachim Fest: I don't. Memories of a childhood and youth. Reinbek 2006, ISBN 3-498-05305-1 .
  • G. Born-Siebicke, R. Brach, M. Raw meat: From fire and water - Geological hiking guide through town and country. Rheinbreitbach 2003, ISBN 3-934676-12-X .
  • A. Fuchs, H. Wachowiak (Ed.): "Between the Rhine and Wingert" - reading, pictures and hiking book for Bruchhausen. Edition Wolkenburg. Erpel, Rheinbreitbach / Unkel 2004, ISBN 3-934676-13-8 .
  • S. Mägder: Jakob Johann Nepomuk Lyversberg, merchant and collector. In: H. Kier, FG Zehnder: Lust and Loss. Cologne 1995, ISBN 3-87909-472-1 , p. 193ff.
  • P. Heinrich Haan SJ In: Stella Matutina. 3rd year, issue 1, 1911, p. 14 ff.
  • H. Vogts: The former von Geyrsche painting collection in Unkel. In: Heimat-Jahrbuch of the Neuwied district. 1961, p. 86 ff.
  • M. Raw meat: good up to date . In: Rheinkiesel. No. 4, April 2000.
  • J. Weiler: My experience on New Year's Eve 1945. In: Heimat-Jahrbuch des Kreis Neuwied. 2012, p. 364 ff.

Web links

Commons : Gut Haanhof  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 50 ° 36 ′ 17.5 ″  N , 7 ° 14 ′ 25.7 ″  E