House Elsfleth
The Elsfleth house was opened as a department of the Maritime Museum of the Oldenburg Lower Weser on March 14, 2010 in Elsfleth in the former Villa Steenken. In the villa, which was made available by the Elsflether shipowner Horst Werner Janssen , the Elsflether maritime history is shown with a focus on boat and shipbuilding , regional shipping, waterways, maritime associations, logger fishing , nautical training, chronometer construction and simulation of a ship bridge.
Boat building
On the ground floor on the subject of boat building, an original wooden sailing boat with a measurement certificate is on display; the tools required for construction are in large, well-filled tool boxes under accessible glass windows under the wooden floor. One voice gives explanations; further information is given in wooden shift registers. Wall photos illustrate the workshops and everyday work and show people who worked here at the time. Elaborately designed instructional letters under glass testify to the appreciation that was shown for the craft.
The next room shows the enormous variety of individual boat building tools. In addition to the planes, different sized saws, hammers, chisels, drills , compasses, angles, triangles and other measuring and scribing tools hang on the walls.
shipbuilding
In addition to the manual work, calculations, calculations, drawings and so-called cracks were made. With the help of half-models and line plans, aerodynamic boat and ship shapes were created. This is shown in the drawing office, in which, in addition to a drawing machine, various aids such as measuring rods, slide rules, curve rulers, road rods with the necessary pigs are displayed.
Shipyards
One room is dedicated to the regional shipyards; the first shipyard in Elsfleth was founded in 1738; In the middle of the 19th century, 23 shipyards and around 30 boat builders worked between Brake and Elsfleth. The iron shipbuilding and the steam drive required industrial facilities and only a few companies made the transition. In addition to the still existing Elsflether Werft , Rolandwerft and Jadewerft , the closed operations such as C. Lühring Schiffswerft , Heinrich Brand Schiffswerft , Schürenstedt Schiffs- und Bootswerft , Frerichswerft and Schweers Schiffs- und Bootswerft are presented in detail in text, pictures and ship models.
Regional shipping
Elsfleth was at times the third largest shipping location in Germany after Hamburg and Bremen. At the end of the 19th century, 22 sailing ship shipping companies with over 100 ships in international shipping were based in Elsfleth. A room is dedicated to regional shipping, in which the desk of the shipowner Horst Werner Janssen and several of his ships are exhibited in pictures and models, as well as pictures, models and textual information about the shipping companies Martime , H. Schepers and Ludwig Harms. A navigation school was set up here in 1832, which today still exists as the seafaring department of the Oldenburg / Ostfriesland / Wilhelmshaven University of Applied Sciences and has recently been expanded considerably. The bond between the former students and the ship's crew is also evident in the maritime associations of nautical experts and ship engineers who are at home in Elsfleth.
Waterways
Another room is devoted to the construction, maintenance, marking and concreting of waterways . In addition to pilot transfer boats , there are dredgers , icebreakers , tugs , tour boats and buoy layers . A combination of light, language and models leads the visitor through the rarely visible work of the waterway authorities. On closer inspection, some ships, which have to be very easy to maneuver, reveal details about the drive such as B. to discover Voith-Schneider drive . The marked ships light up and an electronic display board reveals technical details. In addition to drawings and photos, details on the task of the ship are also explained in writing.
Logger fishing
One room shows the Elsfleth herring fishery , which was founded on October 12, 1896 in order to open up new branches of business after the sharp decline in the shipyard and shipping business in Elsfleth. A film shows the individual work processes of the fishermen, starting with the fleet launching, hauling in, knocking out herrings, gutting, salting and packing in barrels. The Elsfleth house, in which this museum was established, belonged to Dr. Christian Steenken, he was, among other things, medical officer but also chairman of the Elsflether herring fishing society.
Ship bridge
The huge wheel of the 1912-built cargo sailor Emma marks the progress of technology today to help track controls and electro-hydraulic steering gear , to stay the course. The simulation of a ship's bridge enables the visitor to take on the role of the captain. The optical and electronic devices exhibited in these rooms show the progress made in nautical auxiliary equipment over the past decades.
literature
- Friedrich Carstens: Romantic seafaring. Treasures from a North German Maritime Museum , Oldenburg / Hamburg undated [1968].
- Stefan Hartmann: Studies on Oldenburg shipping in the middle of the 19th century , in: Hansische Geschichtsblätter , 94th year, 1976, pp. 38–80.
- Peter-Michael Pawlik: From the Weser into the world. Volume II: The history of the sailing ships from Weser and Hunte and their shipyards from 1790 to 1926. Elsfleth - Brake - Oldenburg , Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 2003, ISBN 3897571501 .
- Albrecht Eckhardt: The Maritime Museum of the Oldenburg Lower Weser 1960–2010 , Isensee, Oldenburg 2010, ISBN 3899957067 .
- Gerhard Köhn: Seegekehlt & Seegesaltzen - Logger fishing off the German North Sea coast. Mocker & Jahn, Soest 1994, ISBN 3-87902-800-1 .
Web links
Coordinates: 53 ° 14 ′ 15.3 " N , 8 ° 27 ′ 52.7" E