Heidengraben (artificial moat)
| Heidengraben | ||
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| Data | ||
| location | Germany | |
| River system | Elbe | |
| Drain over | Seiffener Bach → Flöha → Zschopau → Freiberger Mulde → Mulde → Elbe → North Sea | |
| source | Reservoir of the Kleine Schweinitz south-west of the pond hill 50 ° 38 ′ 44 ″ N , 13 ° 30 ′ 42 ″ E |
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| muzzle |
Zechenteich in the Seiffen district of Heidelberg Coordinates: 50 ° 38 '23 " N , 13 ° 28' 43" E 50 ° 38 '23 " N , 13 ° 28' 43" E
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| length | approx. 5 km | |
The Heidengraben (also Heidegraben ) is an artificial ditch from the 16th century, west of Seiffen in the Ore Mountains . It served the additional supply of impact water for the tin processing of the local mining industry . Later water power was used for woodworking.
course
The approximately 5 km long ditch begins as an outflow from a reservoir of the Kleine Schweinitz, southwest of the pond hill, not far from the German-Czech border. It then flows in a west-north-westerly direction and crosses the 740 m above sea level there. NN located watershed between Schweinitz and Seiffener Bach. East of Bad Einsiedel , it swings in a southerly direction before flowing into a reservoir ( colliery pond ) on the Seiffener Bach in the Seiffen district of Heidelberg .
history
The Seiffen community was first mentioned in a document in 1324 in a feudal contract. The name of the place Cynsifen at that time can be traced back to the extraction of tin stone from tin soaps . Since the beginning of the 14th century, tin has been extracted from the river bed of the Seiffen brook. Towards the end of the 15th century went to the mining mining of tin ore over.
The mountain shelf , d. H. the ownership of the mineral resources was held by the von Schönberg family as landlords . In addition to stamp mills, tin smelters were also built in Seiffen. A considerable amount of water was required for tin processing (pounding, sludging), which the Seiffener Baches could not provide on its own. This was the decisive factor for the construction of the artificial ditch in 1669 by Seiffen miners. In 1708 the local stamp mill owners purchased the colliery pond for common use as a dam for the necessary impact water.
The mining around Seiffen, which was never very productive, ended in 1849. In the period that followed, the water in the trench was increasingly used to drive hydropower rotary works, some of which arose from the earlier stamping mills. After 1927, the municipality of Heidelberg expanded the colliery pond into an outdoor swimming pool, which was in operation until 1990.
additional
In the Ore Mountains, many moors were tapped directly or indirectly, ie in the catchment area, through artificial ditches. In the vicinity of the Deutscheinsiedler Hochmoorkomplex, the Heidengraben cuts through large areas of its catchment areas and thus disrupts the slope water supply to the moors.
About 400 meters east of Bad Einsiedel, two major energy infrastructure lines have crossed the Heidengraben since 1972: the Nordlicht natural gas pipeline and the Böhlen - Oberleutensdorf (Litvínov) chemical product pipeline . It can be assumed that the trench was remodeled in this area of the route after construction was completed.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Saxony Atlas. Retrieved March 12, 2014 .
- ↑ The hydropower rotary plant in Seiffen and the tire lathe trade , accessed on August 4, 2010
- ↑ Mining in the Seiffen - Sankt Katharinaberg area ( Memento of the original from April 3, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed August 4, 2010
- ↑ Dirk Wendel, Čestmír Ondráček: Mysterious and endangered life of the moors. (PDF; 581 kB) (No longer available online.) P. 275 , archived from the original on October 11, 2014 ; Retrieved July 26, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
