Heilandskirche (Dresden)
The Heilandskirche is an Evangelical Lutheran church with a parish and parish house in Dresden , in the Cotta district . The entire complex is a striking example of Dresden's reform architecture and is a listed building .
Building history
In 1909 an architectural competition for the planned new church was carried out; 68 submitted designs were judged by the jury, which included Otto Beutler , Hans Erlwein , Franz Dibelius , Paul Wallot and Pastor K. Schmidt. First prize went to Fritz Schumacher , second prize to Paul Bender , third prize to William Lossow and Max Hans Kühne ; Another four designs were purchased in order to be able to use detailed solutions from them for church construction, including a design by Rudolf Kolbe . In the course of the further planning, which took five years, Kolbe was commissioned in 1912 to carry out his revised competition design.
Construction began on May 1, 1914, and the foundation stone was laid on June 7 of the same year. After the First World War broke out at the beginning of August 1914 , the church council decided on August 14, 1914 to suspend construction work for the duration of the war. After the end of the war in 1918, however, the persistently difficult economic situation during the inflationary period prevented further construction. Only after the economic stabilization through currency reform and the Dawes Plan could construction work be resumed in 1925 - after an 11-year break. Rudolf Kolbe simplified his design in order not to endanger the financing. The church was finally inaugurated on May 26, 1927 ( Ascension Day ) by Superintendent Költzsch.
description
- Exterior construction
The church captivates with the skilful combination of different sized structures that are organically united with one another and make the entire complex appear monumental. This corresponded to the desired monumental style within the reform architecture. Kolbe created a sacred building with a tiled roof that was drawn far down, arched at the sides and rounded at some corners, giving the church a squat and massive appearance. Two lateral cones support the width effect in a special way. The choir is designed as an apse , which is enclosed by the western extensions. The handling of the plastered facade, which is sparsely decorated, is based on local tradition.
The flat-looking tower on the east side conveys the compactness of the entire group of buildings. Two separate roof strips below the main roof create a slight widening of the tower in the direction of its base and act like two horizontal slats. In the plastered fields between these strips, there are semicircular sound openings behind which the bell cage is hidden. The church is equipped with three bells that it received from the Jakobikirche , which was destroyed in the Second World War . Their original bell was melted down for armaments purposes during World War II.
Above the main entrance, which is at the foot of the tower, there is a larger than life statue of Christ made of Elbe sandstone in a blessing pose by the Dresden sculptor Karl Albiker . It stands in the tympanum of an arched portal, which was built using large cuboids and two simple Doric columns made of Posta sandstone . A multi-level staircase with curved block steps leads up to the main entrance.
- inner space
The interior was given a simple design based on the work of the sculptor Rudolf Born and the painter Karl Schulz . There are paintings of the four evangelists on the ceiling . In the conchae of the longitudinal sides are galleries installed. The church interior receives its natural light from these sides, which comes in through stained glass windows. The windows show scenes of the baptism of Christ and the healing of those suffering from gout .
The organ is an instrument from the Jehmlich workshop and dates from the construction period. It was expanded in 1936 and consists of almost 5000 pipes .
Overall system
The entire complex designed by Rudolf Kolbe includes a parish and parsonage on the west side of the church. There is a residential building in the southern part of the church property. The ensemble creates an inner courtyard with lawn, trees and hedges along the paths, which can be reached from the east via a small staircase. An enclosed garden area on the outer borders of the church property is also included. The facility is located on a hill-like elevation that slopes to the west and north. On the east side is the road access, which opens to a square in front of the church.
In May 2017, a Luther linden tree was planted in front of the church near an existing Luther memorial on the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the church consecration and the 500th anniversary of the Reformation, making it one of the memorial trees in Dresden .
literature
- Dehio-Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Dresden. (Special volume) Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich / Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03110-3 .
- Ulrich Hübner et al .: Symbol and truthfulness. Reform architecture in Dresden . Verlag der Kunst Dresden Ingwert Paulsen jun., Husum 2005, ISBN 3-86530-068-5 .
- Evangelical Lutheran Church Community Dresden-Cotta (Heilandskirchgemeinde) (Hrsg.): The Heilandskirche in Dresden-Cotta. ( Leaflet, online as a PDF file with 307 kB )
- Andrea Büsing-Kolbe , Hermann Büsing : Harmony of building and landscape. The architect Rudolf Kolbe. Elbhang-Kurier-Verlag, Dresden 2010, ISBN 978-3-936240-17-7 .
Web links
- Leaflet on church and community history (PDF file; 307 kB)
Individual evidence
- ^ Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 43, 1909, No. 34 (April 28, 1909), p. 228.
- ↑ Deutsche Bauzeitung , Volume 46, 1912, No. 44 (from June 1, 1912), p. 404.
- ↑ Hübner et al., P. 14 f.
- ↑ Dehio Handbook, p. 154
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 23.8 " N , 13 ° 40 ′ 54" E