Holy Cross Church (Fröttmaning)

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Filial church Heilig Kreuz

Holy Cross Fröttmaning

Basic data
Denomination Roman Catholic
place Munich- Fröttmaning , Germany
diocese Archdiocese of Munich and Freising
Patronage Holy cross
Building description
Architectural style Late Romanesque
Construction type Choir tower church
Function and title

Branch church

Coordinates 48 ° 13 '4 "  N , 11 ° 37' 48"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 13 '4 "  N , 11 ° 37' 48"  E

The Catholic branch church Heilig Kreuz is the oldest surviving church building in the city of Munich and the only evidence of the village of Fröttmaning , which today is de facto a desert .

location

Heilig Kreuz Fröttmaning (Kurt-Landauer-Weg 8) is located east of the A 9 , a little south of the Munich North motorway junction of the A 99 and A 9 and north of the Fröttmaninger Berg , the former garbage mountain .

history

The history of the church begins before 815, the first documentary mention of Fröttmaning. A deed of donation in connection with the church from 815 is the oldest deed in the Bavarian State Archives. The Fröttmaninger nobleman Situli donated a wooden church and associated farmland to the Freising diocese , which was then consecrated by Bishop Hitto von Freising . Today's late Romanesque building with its thick walls was mostly built at the beginning of the 13th century and was added later. Since the demolition of the Jakobskirche in Munich city center in 1955, Heilig Kreuz is the oldest completely preserved church building in the Munich city area.

Holy Cross with the Allianz Arena

In the 1930s, Heilig Kreuz became a branch church of St. Albert München-Freimann.

The church was threatened with demolition several times. During the construction of the Munich motorway ring road, citizens who were ready to go under the direction of St. Albert's church caretaker, Ludwig Maile, were able to move the Munich-North motorway junction, which, according to the original plans, would have branched off towards Salzburg exactly through the cemetery and church. Heilig Kreuz has been vacant since the last courtyards were demolished for the construction of the motorway in 1969. Until 1971 the church was neglected and plundered and desecrated. Valuable works of art and the two bells from the 15th century were lost. In 1984 plans became concrete that wanted to extend the mountain of rubbish up to the church wall. However, after public protests, this plan was withdrawn. Later, the citizens' initiative campaigned for the church a third time, this time to include the church monument in the development plan for the nearby Allianz Arena . The rescue road and its bridge had to be relocated two hundred meters to the south.

architecture

The Holy Cross Church is one of the typical choir tower churches of the Freising diocese at the time . The Romanesque tower with arched windows and frieze is eighteen meters high, the church itself is fifteen meters long and almost seven meters wide. The former parapet walkway with loopholes can still be seen in the wall approach inside. Particularly rare and unique in Germany are the Romanesque frescoes painted directly on the red bricks of the interior with lime paint , which were discovered in 1981 during renovation work and partially exposed. The painted circles around a tree of life symbolize the sun. One of the wall paintings is the oldest representation of Christ in Bavaria. The rest of the furnishings in the church come mainly from the Baroque period . The ceiling fresco painted by Asam students around 1740 shows the veneration of the Holy Cross, which Emperor Herakleios brought back from Jerusalem in 629.

Ceiling fresco

Art in architecture: sunken village

“Sunken Village” with a replica of the concrete church building and the Allianz Arena in the background

As architectural art for the Allianz Arena the city's "Commission for art in architecture and public spaces" launched an international competition; the Fröttmaninger Berg was included in the competition area. On June 29, 2004, the commission unanimously recommended the proposal by the Münster artist Timm Ulrichs for implementation.

The focus here is on the disappearance of Fröttmaning. In 2006, about 150 meters south of Heilig Kreuz, a non-accessible double of the Romanesque church was created in its original size from painted precast concrete parts. The surreal, melancholy work of art “Sunken Village” at the foot of the Fröttmaninger Schuttberg addresses what has disappeared in this place as a kind of notice of loss. The copy was set up in such a way that the building appears to have been half buried by the mountain.

literature

  • Bernd Meier, Church Administration and Parish Council St. Albert (Ed.): Heilig Kreuz Fröttmaning 815–1990. Published as an anniversary volume on the occasion of the 1175 year celebration . Self-published, o. O. [Munich] 1990.
  • Jakob Wetzel: In nowhere: Heilig Kreuz is probably the oldest, but certainly the most amazing church in the Munich city area. This weekend it celebrates its 1200th anniversary , in: Süddeutsche Zeitung , April 17, 2015, page R5.

Web links

Commons : Holy Cross Church  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wilhelm Störmer: Early nobility. Studies on the political leadership in the Frankish-German Empire from the 8th to the 11th century. Vol. 2 Hiersemann, Stuttgart 1973 (Monographs on the History of the Middle Ages Vol. 6.2) pp. 372, 384 and 390.