Heinrich Kranz (physician)

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Heinrich Kranz (born January 26, 1901 in Aachen ; † January 28, 1979 there ) was a German psychiatrist , neurologist and university professor . He should not be confused with the Nazi racial hygienist, ophthalmologist and university professor Heinrich Wilhelm Kranz (1897–1945).

Life

Kranz passed his matriculation examination at the Kaiser-Karls-Gymnasium and then completed a medical degree at the universities of Bonn, Heidelberg and Munich. In 1925 he was promoted to Dr. med. PhD . Then he settled as a general practitioner in Simmerath . From 1930 he was an assistant at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics . After his contract expired in October 1933, he left the KWI, possibly also because he was classified as "politically unreliable" (" close to the center ").

At the end of 1933, Kranz switched to the twin researcher and forensic biologist Johannes Lange at the Psychiatric University Clinic in Breslau , where he completed his habilitation in 1936 and became a private lecturer with the work “Life fates of criminal twins” . Kranz had already worked on his forensic twin study at KWI-A and had been investigating “criminal twins” at Berlin prisons since 1932. While still working at KWI-A, he had published three articles on this topic in specialist journals. At the time, Kranz was considered "one of the most important twin researchers in Germany in the field of criminal biology".

After Lange died in 1938, Kranz held a leading position at the Psychiatric University Clinic in Wroclaw. When Werner Villinger took over the management of the clinic there at the beginning of February 1940, he was unable to continue to employ Kranz as a senior physician in the clinic due to an objection from the Gaudozentenführer. The repeated refusal of Kranz to join the NSDAP probably played a role, which prevented him from pursuing a university career during the Nazi era . However, from 1933 he belonged to the NS organizations SA and NS-Ärztebund . Then he settled as a neurologist in Frankfurt am Main. During the Second World War he had to do military service. As a senior staff doctor he was the deputy of the senior physician and advisory military psychiatrist in the military district IX in Frankfurt Karl Kleist .

After the end of the war he was employed at the University Psychiatric Clinic in Heidelberg, where he was employed as a senior physician under the clinic director Kurt Schneider . In 1948 he became an adjunct professor at the University of Heidelberg and in 1949 director of the Wiesloch institution . In 1951 he accepted an appointment at the University of Mainz , where he worked until his retirement in 1966 as professor of psychiatry and director of the university neurological clinic. In 1960 he became president of the Society for Psychiatry and Neurology.

Since 1926 he was married to Adelgunde, née Dornemann. The couple had a child.

Fonts

  • Life stories of criminal twins , J. Springer, Berlin 1936 (also Breslau, Med. Hab.-Schr., 1936)

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Who is who? : Das Deutsche who's who , Volume 19, Schmidt-Römhild, 1976, p. 512
  2. ↑ Hans-Walter Schmuhl: Crossing borders. The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics 1927–1945. History of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society under National Socialism, Volume 9. Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, pp. 166, 174
  3. ↑ Hans-Walter Schmuhl: Crossing borders. The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics 1927–1945. History of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society under National Socialism, Volume 9. Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, p. 174
  4. ↑ Hans-Walter Schmuhl: Crossing borders. The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics 1927–1945. History of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society under National Socialism, Volume 9. Wallstein, Göttingen 2005, p. 110
  5. ^ Benoit Massin: Race and inheritance as a profession. The main fields of research at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics in National Socialism . In: Hans-Walter Schmuhl (Ed.): Race research at Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes before and after 1933. Wallstein, Göttingen 2003, p. 236
  6. ^ Martin Holtkamp: Werner Villinger (1887-1961). The continuity of the concept of inferiority in adolescent and social psychiatry. Matthiesen Verlag, Husum 2002, ISBN 3-7868-4097-0 , p. 27 and there note 133
  7. ↑ a b Neurologists: Biographien , Volume 2, Thieme, 1998, p. 130
  8. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 335
personal data
SURNAME Kranz, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German psychiatrist, neurologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH January 26, 1901
PLACE OF BIRTH Aachen
DATE OF DEATH January 28, 1979
Place of death Aachen