Henoonia myrtifolia
| Henoonia myrtifolia | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Henoonia | ||||||||||||
| Griseb. | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Henoonia myrtifolia | ||||||||||||
| Griseb. |
Henoonia myrtifolia (Syn .: Bissea myrtifolia ) is a plant type from the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae). It is the only species of the genus Henoonia (Syn .: Bissea ) and occurs exclusively in Cuba . For a long time the genus was run with three other genera in its own Goetzeaceae family, but molecular biological studies showed that they belong to the nightshade family.
description
Henooia myrtifolia is a tree that can grow up to two and a half meters high . The branches are greyish in color and occasionally have spines. The leaves are narrowly ovate to inverted-ovoid-elliptical or narrowly inverted ovoid. Towards the front they are pointed or spiky, the base is wedge-shaped, oblique or heart-shaped and has a rolled back edge. They reach a length of 9.7 to 32.6 and a width of 3.5 to 14.4 millimeters. They are bald, only covered with a few simple, two- to three-cell trichomes on the back .
The five-fold flowers stand individually or in clusters in the branch nodes . The calyx is cup-shaped, 2 to 2.5 millimeters long and has teeth, these are triangular and provided with some trichomes. The crown measures 1 to 9 millimeters in diameter, it is tubular and covered with elongated, lanceolate corolla lobes that are twice as long as the corolla tube and are bent back at the flowering time. The five stamens start roughly in the middle of the corolla tube, but do not extend beyond the corolla lobes. The anthers have a length of 2 to 2.2 millimeters. The ovary is upper constant, single chamber and has an ovule . The thread-like stylus is 6 to 7 millimeters long.
The fruits are pointed towards the front and contain a single seed . This is egg-shaped, 7 to 8 millimeters long, 5.3 to 6.4 millimeters wide and 5.0 to 5.7 millimeters thick.
Occurrence
The species is endemic to central Cuba and grows at altitudes between 0 and 300 meters.
ecology
The flowering period extends from May to October, the fruits ripen between June and October.
Systematics
The assignment of the genus to the nightshade family has been questioned for a long time, so Armando Hunziker , for example, in his systematics of the nightshade family, excludes this and three other genera from the family based on the seed morphology and assigns them to a separate Goetzeaceae family.
Molecular biological studies have shown, however, that the genera belonging to the Goetzeaceae belong to the nightshade family together with the genera Duckeodendron and Metternichia . Richard Olmstead leads them in his family system in a subfamily Goetzeoideae.
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Cladogram simplified to
Botanical history
The species and genus were described by August Heinrich Rudolf Grisebach in 1866 . In 1986, Victor Ramón Fuentes Fiallo renamed the genus, but the name Bissea assigned by him is an invalid homonym according to the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) , as the two validly published names Henonia Moq before the first description . and Henonia Coss. & Durieu have a different spelling.
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Individual evidence
Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under literature; the following sources are also cited:
- ↑ Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae . ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001, ISBN 3-904144-77-4 .
- ^ A b Eugenio Santiago-Valentin and Richard G. Olmstead: Phylogenetics of the Antillean Goetzeoideae (Solanaceae) and Their Relationships within the Solanaceae based on Chloroplast and ITS DNA Sequence Data . In: Systematic Botany , Volume 28, Issue 2. pp. 452-460.
literature
- Victor R. Fuentes Fiallo: Goetzeaceae . In: Werner Greuter and Rosa Rankin Rodriguez (eds.): Flora de la República Cuba , Fascíulo 10. A. R. Ganter Verlag KG, Lichtenstein, 2005. ISBN 3-906166-30-9