Henri-Alexandre Deslandres
Henri-Alexandre Deslandres (born July 24, 1853 in Paris , † January 15, 1948 ibid) was a French astronomer and director of the observatories of Meudon and Paris.
life and work
Deslandres joined the army in 1874 after completing his training at the École polytechnique , where he became more and more enthusiastic about physics. In 1881 he left the army to conduct spectroscopic studies with Alfred Cornu at the École polytechnique . In 1888 he received his doctorate from the University of Sorbonne . His results on the numerical terms in the spectral lines (parallel to Balmer ) led to the development of quantum mechanics at the beginning of the 20th century.
In 1889 Deslandres was brought to the Meudon Observatory to improve the outdated methods, which focused on geometrical and mechanical aspects, but did not make any physical investigations. Here Deslandres (parallel to George Ellery Hale ) developed the spectroheliograph in 1894 . In 1907 he became director of the Meudon Observatory and set up a program to expand scientific capacity. Under his direction of the Paris observatory , the Paris observatory merged with the Meudon observatory in 1926.
At the beginning of World War I - he was already in his 60s - he enlisted in the army and did not return to his post in Meudon until 1918.
Deslandres remained involved in research until his death. His colleague Raymond Michard said that internally, in character and lifestyle , Deslandres acted more as a soldier than a scientist .
The Deslandres lunar crater is named after him. On December 1, 1902, Deslandres became a member of the Académie des sciences in Paris. In 1913 he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences .
Honors
- 1908: Foreign member of the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei
- 1913: Gold Medal from the Royal Astronomical Society
- 1913: Henry Draper Medal from the National Academy of Sciences
- 1914: Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 1920: Jules Janssen Prize
- 1921: Bruce Medal from the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
- 1921: Foreign member of the Royal Society
- 1948: Name of the moon crater Deslandres
- 2007: Naming of the asteroid (11763) Deslandres
Web links
- Publications by H. Deslandres in the Astrophysics Data System
- FJM Stratton: Henri Alexandre Deslandres. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 109 (1949), pp. 141–144 (obituary, English)
- Entry for Deslandres, Henri Alexandre (1853-1948) in the Archives of the Royal Society , London
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of members since 1666: Letter D. Académie des sciences, accessed on November 6, 2019 (French).
- ^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724: Deslandres, Henri-Alexandre. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed November 6, 2019 (Russian).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Deslandres, Henri-Alexandre |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French astronomer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 24, 1853 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 15, 1948 |
| Place of death | Paris |