Henri Lichtenberger

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Henri Lichtenberger (Bibliothèque de la Sorbonne, NuBIS)

Henri Lichtenberger (born March 12, 1864 in Mulhouse , Alsace , † November 4, 1941 in Biarritz ) was one of the founders of modern French German studies .

Life

Henri was the son of the architect Paul-Emile Lichtenberger (1840–77), and the nephew of Frédéric Auguste Lichtenberger (1832–99), who co-founded the theological faculty at the Sorbonne . His younger brother André Lichtenberger (1870-1940) became known as a novelist and sociologist . After the war of 1870/71 , in which Mulhouse and Alsace fell to Germany, the family moved first to Bayonne and later to Paris .

Lichtenberger was professor for foreign literature in Nancy from 1887 to 1907 , then until 1934 professor for literature and German philology at the Sorbonne. In 1914/15 he was an exchange professor for comparative literature at Harvard .

Dedication to Lichtenberger by Thomas Mann

He has written numerous works on German literature , language , contemporary history and philosophy . In particular, his treatises on Friedrich Nietzsche , whom he had visited personally in 1898, attracted attention. His Nietzsche biography was translated into German in 1899 by Nietzsche's sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche , with whom he also had a lively correspondence. In 1928 they both wrote another Nietzsche biography together.

In Richard Wagner - the poet and thinker , he derives the Wagnerian philosophy of all of his operas from that of Arthur Schopenhauer , whom Wagner studied throughout his life. In France alone, the book had eight editions by 1931. Through Lichtenberger's contemporary historical treatises on Germany and later also his co-editing of the Deutsch-Französische Rundschau, he campaigned for Franco-German reconciliation from the early 1920s. His work Germany and France was on the list of literature worth burning in 1933 . In his work L'Allemagne nouvelle , published in 1936 , Lichtenberger paints an astonishingly positive picture of the political and economic effects of National Socialism in Germany. In addition to a two-volume biography of Goethe , Lichtenberger also translated a number of Goethe works into French.

In the 1920s, Lichtenberger had scientific connections with the German sociologist Gottfried Salomon .

Lichtenberger's private library, together with that of his colleague Charles Andler, forms the basis for the German collection of the Bibliothèque Malesherbes .

Fonts

  • La Légende et le Poème des Nibelungen , Paris 1891.
  • Histoire de la Langue allemande , Paris 1895.
  • La Philosophy de Nietzsche , Paris 1898 et al .; German: The philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche , Dresden 1899 et al.
  • Richard Wagner: poète et penseur , Paris 1898 et al .; German: Richard Wagner - the poet and thinker , Dresden 1899 et al.
  • Aphorismes et fragments choisis de Nietzsche , Paris 1899; German: Friedrich Nietzsche - An outline of his life and his teaching , Dresden 1900.
  • Henri Heine et sa place dans la pensée contemporaine , Paris 1904.
  • Henri Heine penseur , Paris 1905; German: Heinrich Heine as a thinker , Dresden 1905 et al. Digitized
  • L'Allemagne moderne, son évolution , Paris 1907; dt .: Modern Germany and its development , Dresden 1908 et al. (in English: ISBN 1-84664-455-0 )
  • Novalis , Paris 1911.
  • La guerre européenne et la question d'Alsace-Lorraine , Paris 1915.
  • L'imperialisme economique , Paris 1918.
  • L'Allemagne d'aujourd'hui dans ses relations avec la France , Paris 1922.
  • Nietzsche and his work (together with Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche), Dresden 1928.
  • L'Allemagne nouvelle , Paris 1936 (in English: ISBN 0-8369-5134-4 )
  • Goethe , Paris 1937/39, Freudenstadt 1949.

literature

  • Pierre Béhar: Henri Lichtenberger . In: Gerhard Sauder (Ed.): Germanists in the East of France (Annales Universitatis Saraviensis, Vol. 19), pp. 41–56. Röhrig, St. Ingbert 2002. ISBN 3-86110-290-0 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Die kleine Enzyklopädie , Encyclios-Verlag, Zurich, 1950, Volume 2, p. 50.
personal data
SURNAME Lichtenberger, Henri
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Founder of modern French German studies
DATE OF BIRTH March 12, 1864
PLACE OF BIRTH Mulhouse
DATE OF DEATH November 4, 1941
Place of death Biarritz