Herbert Richmond

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Sir Herbert William Richmond (born September 15, 1871 in Hammersmith , † December 15, 1946 in Cambridge ) was a British admiral, naval historian and naval strategist.

Life

He was the son of the Oxford painter and professor William Blake Richmond . Richmond was in the Royal Navy from 1885 and quickly made a career there. First he was stationed in Australia and in the hydrographic service and from 1897 torpedo officer. From 1897 to 1898 he was on the HMS Empress of India , in 1899 on the HMS Ramillies and from 1899 to 1900 on the HMS Canopus . From 1900 to 1903 he was on the flagship of the canal fleet HMS Majestic and in 1903 he was frigate captain (commander) and first officer on the HMS Crescent , which was the flagship on the Cape of Good Hope . From 1906 to 1908 he was with the British Admiralty and briefly assistant to Admiral Fisher . After being promoted to captain, he commanded the HMS Dreadnought from 1909 to 1911 and the torpedo boat training ships HMS Furious and HMS Vindictive from 1911 to 1912 . From 1913 to 1915 he was Assistant Director of Operations in the Naval Staff and in 1915 Liaison Officer for the Italian Navy. From 1916 to 1917 he was captain of the HMS Commonwealth , which was part of the protection of the Thames Estuary, and from 1916 to 1917 the HMS Conqueror in the Grand Fleet . In 1918 he was in the staff service and in 1919 he commanded the HMS Erin . In 1920 he became Rear Admiral and Head of Officer Training at the Royal Naval College in Greenwich (London) (1922 also director of the college) and from 1923 to 1925 he was Commander in Chief of the East Indies Station . After that he was the first head of the Imperial Defense College . In 1929 he became an admiral, was president of the International Conference on the Safety of Life at Sea and retired in 1931. In 1934 he was Vere Harmsworth Professor of Imperial and Naval History at Cambridge University and in 1936 Masters at Downing College. In 1943 he gave the Ford Lectures in English History in Oxford (title: Statesmen and sea power ).

He had already dealt with naval history before the First World War, inspired by Julian Corbett , and in 1914 he completed a book on the navy in the War of the Austrian Succession , which did not appear until 1920. In 1931 a book about the Royal Navy in India followed.

He was one of the founders of the Naval Review in 1912 to give new ideas a place of publication in the Royal Navy. Richmond was considered one of the most capable officers in the Royal Navy, but his career was not helped by his well-known tendency to judge superior officers without being asked for advice.

In 1926 he became KCB . In 1937 he was elected a member of the British Academy .

Fonts

  • Published in: Papers relating to the Loss of Minorca, Navy Records Society, No. 42, 1913
  • Editors: The Private Papers of George, 2nd Earl Spencer , Volume 3.4, Navy Records Society, No. 58, 59, 1924
  • The Navy in the War of 1739-48, 3 volumes, Cambridge University Press 1920
  • The Navy in India, London: E. Benn 1931
  • The Navy as an instrument of policy, 1558-1727 (EA Hughes publisher), 1953
  • National policy and naval strength and other essays, 1928, 1934
  • Imperial defense and capture at sea in war, London: Hutchinson 1931
  • Economy and naval security; a plea for the examination of the problem of the reduction in the cost of naval armaments on the lines of strategy and policy, London: E. Benn 1931
  • Naval Warfare, London: E. Benn 1930
  • Sea power in the modern world, London: G. Bell 1934
  • National policy & naval strength, XVIth to XXth century, Oxford UP 1923
  • British strategy, military & economic; a historical review and its contemporary lessons, Cambridge University Press 1941
  • The invasion of Britain; an account of plans, attempts & counter-measures from 1586 to 1918, London: Methuen 1941
  • Statesmen and Sea Power, Clarendon Press 1946 (Ford Lectures)

literature

  • Arthur J. Marder Portrait of an Admiral: the Life and Papers of Sir Herbert Richmond , 1952
  • Barry Hunt: Sailor-Scholar: Admiral Sir Herbert Richmond 1871-1946 , 1982
  • James Goldrick, John B. Hattendorf (Eds.): Mahan is Not Enough, The Proceedings of a Conference on the Works of Sir Julian Corbett and Admiral Sir Herbert Richmond , Newport: Naval War College Press 1993
  • HG Thursfield, Marc Brodie: Richmond, Sir Herbert William (1871-1946) . In: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , 2004, doi: 10.1093 / ref: odnb / 35743

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Biographical entry at the Navy Records Society
  2. ^ Deceased Fellows. British Academy, accessed July 24, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Richmond, Herbert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Richmond, Herbert William
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British admiral and naval historian
DATE OF BIRTH September 15, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH Hammersmith
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 1946
Place of death Cambridge