Herman Tollius

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Herman Tollius

Herman Tollius (born February 28, 1742 in Breda , † April 29, 1822 in Leiden ) was a Dutch philologist, historian and lawyer.

Life

The son of the lawyer and Philippus Johannes Tollius († 1746) and his wife Bertha Stuerman had already lost his father at the age of four. His mother's brother, Jan Jacob Stuerman, took care of himself and his mother and took care of their upbringing. At the age of ten, Tollius moved with his mother to Leiden, where he attended Latin school. Due to his talent, he was able to enroll as a student of literature and law at the University of Leiden on March 7, 1755 at the age of thirteen. On September 4, 1758, he completed his studies at the Latin School and attended the legal lectures with Johann Conrad Rücker (1691–1778) and Gerlach Scheltinga (1708–1765). Tiberius Hemsterhuis and David Ruhnken were his teachers in the classical languages . In mathematics he was trained by Pieter van Musschenbroek and Johannes Lulofs (1711–1768).

In 1763 he had finished his studies with his doctorate in law on June 3, 1763 and became a lawyer in The Hague. In 1766 he was given the professorship of history, rhetoric and Greek language at the University of Harderwijk . Here he also took part in the organizational tasks of the university and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1770. In 1776, after the death of his wife, he resigned the professorship to go on a study trip to France . In Paris, as the successor to Pieter Burman the Younger , he was offered a high school professorship in history and philology at the Athenaeum Illustre in Amsterdam , which he took up on September 27, 1777. During that time he wrote several works in Latin and Low German and also published poems. He gave up this position on October 5, 1784, and on February 28, 1785, he was appointed teacher to the Prince of Nassau-Orange in the service of Governor Wilhelm V of Nassau-Orange . He accompanied the Hereditary Prince on an educational trip to Germany and at the end of 1789 to the University of Leiden .

Since the governor was expelled by the French in 1795 and fled to England, Tollius went to Osnabrück and later to Braunschweig . From 1798 to 1809, as a privy councilor in Germany, he administered the territories acquired by Wilhelm in Poland. During that time he was in correspondence with Willem Bilderdijk , with whom he exchanged views on literature and who told him about living conditions in Holland. At the request of Louis Napoleon Bonaparte , he returned to Holland in 1809, where he was appointed professor of statistics, diplomacy and Dutch history at the University of Leiden. In 1812 he switched to the professorship for the Greek language and in 1814 he took over the professorship for the Latin language. On October 16 he retired and died in Leiden in 1822. Tollius was a knight of the Order of the Nederlandse Leeuw (German: Dutch lion). He was also the founder of the Society for Dutch Literature in Leiden in 1766 .

family

Tollius was married three times. His first marriage was to Johanna Bernardina Burnet. The marriage remained childless. From his second marriage to Johanna Schoorn two daughters were born. The daughter from that marriage, Bartha Hermina Bennet-Tollius (* May 21, 1780 in Amsterdam; † December 14, 1847, ibid) published a report on the family's time in Germany under the title Onze Uitlandigheid. After the death of his second wife, he married Elizabeth Suzanna Detmers, which marriage also remained childless.

Works (selection)

  • Oratio qua demonstratvr etiamnvm svperesse in Graecis literis ex qvo graviores disciplinae decvs et praesidivm capere possint. Harderwijk, 1767, ( online )
  • Oratio pro Virorum illustrium gloria ab historiarum interprete non temere obscuranda. 1770 (Rector's speech)
  • Nederduitse spraakkunst. 1773
  • Oratio, de Gerardo Johanne Vossio, grammatico perfecto. Amsterdam 1778
  • State-informed writings, pertinent own weighty births in de Vereenigde Nederlanden, gedurende de jaren MDCCLXXXVI, MDCCLXXXVII, en vervolgens. The Hague 1814, 3 volumes
  • Oratio de fine statistices, quae vocatur, hodiernae. Leiden 1809 ( online )
  • ΑΠΟΛΛΩΝΙΟΥ ΛΕΞΙΚΟΝ. - Apollonii Sophistae Lexicon graecum Iliadis et Odysseae. Leiden 1788, ( online )

literature

  • Blok: Herman Tollius . In: Nieuw Nederlands Biografisch Woordenboek. (NNBW) Instituut voor Nederlandse Geschiedenis (ING), AW Sijthoff, Leiden, 1921, Volume 5, pp. 949–951 (Dutch)
  • Abraham Jacob van der Aa : Biographical woordenboek der Nederlanden, bevattende levensbeschrijvingen van zoodanige people, who zich op eenigerlei wijze in ons vaderland vermaard made. Verlag JJ Van Brederode, Haarlem, 1874, Volume 18, pp. 177-181 ( online , Dutch)
  • Frans Jozef Peter van den Branden, Johannes Godefridus Frederiks: Biographical woordenboek of Noord- en Zuidnederlandsche letterkunde. LJ Veen, Amsterdam, 1888–1891, ( online )
  • Wim van Anrooij, Ingrid Biesheuvel, Karina van Dalen-Oskam en Jan Noordegraaf, Bio- en bibliografisch lexicon van de neerlandistiek (2004 -..., online , Dutch)
  • Jona Willem te Water: Levensbeschrijvinge van Mr. Herman Tollius. 1822 ( online )
  • Jaarboek van de Maatschappij of the Nederlandse Letterkunde. 1822 (German: Yearbook of the Society for Dutch Literature. , Online , Dutch)
  • Horst Gronemeyer: Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, Works and Letters: Historical-Critical Edition. Verlag Walter De Gruyter, Berlin-New York, 1999, ISBN 978-3-11-014281-5 , Vol. 2 (Apparatus Comment, Appendix), p. 661
  • Mathieu Guillaume Delvenne: Biographie du royaume des Pays-Bas, ancienne et modern: ou Histoire abrégée, par ordre alphabétique, de la vie publique et privée des belges et hollandais qui se sont fait remarquer par leurs écrits, leurs actions, leurs talens, leurs vertus ou leurs crimes, extraite d'un grand nombre d'auteurs… by M. Delvenne. Tarlier publishing house, Bruxelles: 1829. - Tomes 2, p. 484 ( online , French)
  • Handwoordenboek der vaderlandsche geschiedenis volgens de nieuwste en best bronnen bewiziert, by H. Verwoert. - Haspels, Nijmegen 1851, vol. 2, p. 271, online, PDF (Dutch)
  • Jan Christiaan Kobus, W. de Rivecourt: Beknopt biographical handwoordenboek van Nederland: behelzende de levensbeschrijvingen van vele people who raise themselves in Nederland known, onder medewerking van others, asked by JC Kobus en W. de Rivecourt. Verlag van Someren, Zutphen, 1861, vol. 3, p. 271, ( online , Dutch)
  • Gerrit Nieuwenhuis: Woordenboek van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Herzien; Omgewandte en Vermeerderd, tod Verspreiding van Kennis en Bevordering the Beschaving onder all stands, door Nederlandsche Geleerden. AW Sythoff Verlag, Leiden, 1866, 9th vol., P. 470, ( online , Dutch)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ different information on the day of death April 20, May 1, 1822 in the general repertory of literature. 1823 Volumes 3–4, p. 391 ( online ) also different dates of birth February 6, February 18, February 28
personal data
SURNAME Tollius, Herman
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch philologist, historian and lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH February 28, 1742
PLACE OF BIRTH Breda
DATE OF DEATH April 29, 1822
Place of death Suffer