Hermann Schröder (dentist)

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Hermann Schröder (born February 3, 1876 in Verden , † April 17, 1942 in Berlin ) was a German dentist .

Life

From 1892 he studied in Kiel , Berlin and Erlangen , where he stayed as an assistant and became a Dr. phil. PhD. In Berlin he became a member of the Guestphalia country team . In 1898 he moved to the Dental Institute at the University of Kiel , but also worked as an assistant at the surgical university clinic. Two years later, at the request of the surgeon August Bier, he was appointed to the University of Greifswald as the first dentist and with a teaching position for all of dentistry , where he worked until 1907. In 1904 he took part in the Fourth International Dental Congress in St. Louis , where he gave a lecture on prognathy . In 1907 Schröder completed his habilitation with the dissertation The application method of dental prosthetics with special consideration of the immediate jaw replacement after resection . He then received a call to Berlin, where he became associate professor for dental prosthetics and head of the prosthetic department at the Dental Institute of the Friedrich Wilhelms University . After the new institute was built on Invalidenstrasse , the most modern dental facility in Europe was available to him from 1912. During the First World War he obtained the academic degree of Dr. med. and founded a sub-division for surgical prostheses . Schröder shaped the scientific life at the institute, from 1934 as managing director until his death in 1942.

Hermann Schröder's house in Greifswald, Fischstrasse 12
Memorial sign for Herm. Schröder, Fischstr. 12, Greifswald
tomb

His grave can be found today in the south-west cemetery in Stahnsdorf .

plant

Schröder dealt mainly with the morphology , physiology and pathophysiology of the chewing organ. He developed numerous techniques and devices for oral surgery . He constructed complicated articulators , devices for simulating jaw movements, which were needed for the production of dental prostheses. These form the basis of today's most extensive articulator collection in the world owned by the Humboldt University in Berlin. In 1911, together with his student, the oral surgeon Franz Ernst (1887–1947), he developed the Schröder band for attaching a dental prosthesis to the molar . In 1913 Schröder and Ernst brought the broken jaw set to Schröder-Ernst , with which a wire splint could be created without a model. This was widely used in the hospitals of the First World War.

Schröder also dealt with impression methods, materials science and implantology ( Schröder's ivory screws ). He also developed Schröder's ventilation named after him , a therapy in which the pressure on an ulcerated tooth is not relieved through the opened root canal , but rather by trepanation of the jawbone to the pus focus.

In the mid-1920s, Schröder turned increasingly to caries research , which he considered to be important for the development opportunities and prospects of dentistry. In his contribution to Friedrich Proell's Festschrift (1926), he spoke out against amalgam fillings and regretted that not much had been achieved in prophylactic terms . Among the nutritional factors with a prophylactic effect, he particularly mentions lime and vitamins . In addition to homeopathically dosed calcium phosphate for easier tooth eruption (as it was de facto first promoted by Wilhelm Heinrich Schüßler , and only later by Richard Schönwald ), Schröder also saw fluorine to play an important preventive role. He recommended researching whether teeth that are not prone to caries have a higher fluorine content in the enamel than those that are more susceptible to disease. In the same year, Schröder's new assistant Fritz Trebitsch (1897–1990) tackled relevant investigations and, with his values, which were later found to be far too high, contributed to a discussion that had long been described as almost a struggle . From around 1927, the Homoia company (Karlsruhe) sold three preparations developed by Schröder that contained fluoride in homeopathic doses: dental fluoride , calcium fluoride (at the same time as dental fluoride) and fluoridol . In 1936 Lem'i Belger, the assistant to the caries researcher Alfred Kantorowicz in Turkey and later professor of prosthetics, was a guest assistant at Schröder. As part of the New German Dentistry , the working group for caries research and combating caries was founded in 1936 at Berlin University . At the first meeting on June 13, 1936, Reichszahnärzteführer Ernst Stuck gave the opening speech and Schröder became head of the working group. After Schröder's scientifically oriented lecture, Franz Wirz , member of the Advisory Board for Public Health at the Reich leadership of the NSDAP, took the floor. He complained that the fight against tooth decay was unfortunately left out as the primary goal of health management in the first version of the name of the working group. Caries research alone is far from sufficient. In the interest of public health science should be independent from the state acted to. In 1938 Schröder took part in a commemorative publication in honor of Hermann Euler . In the midst of various Nazi greats, he deepened his earlier statements on calcium , phosphorus , fluorine and vitamin D here . In September 1941 he commented on the importance of wholemeal bread for keeping the teeth healthy and summarized: "Rye bread deserves preference over wheat bread, on the one hand for economic reasons (Germany has more rye than wheat soil available) and on the other, because rye bread contains relatively more mineral salts than wheat bread and also trace elements, such as B. Fluor ... ". At the instigation of Stuck, who from 1937 had a teaching position for dental professional studies at the University of Berlin, the working group was converted into an institute for caries research in February 1942 and Schröder was assigned the management. At the opening, Schröder, already clearly marked by illness, gave a two-hour lecture. When he died on April 17, 1942, the management of the institute was temporarily assigned to Hermann Euler. In the obituary, Stuck stated that Schröder was one of his closest advisors and that nothing had happened in this area that had not been carefully discussed with him and had his general approval. He was a National Socialist without being a party member.

His writings Die Zahnärztliche Hilfe im Felde (1914, together with Fritz Williger (1861–1932)) and The Lower Jaw Fractures and Their Treatment (1917, together with Rudolf Klapp ) were placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet occupation zone .

Fonts (selection)

  • Fractures and dislocations of the jaws. Manual of Dental Surgical Dressings and Prostheses , Vol. 1, Berlin (1911)
  • On the question of increasing the efficiency of the plate prosthesis , Berlin (1924)
  • The anatomical, physiological and mechanical principles of dental prosthetics , Berlin (1925)
  • On the tasks of dental prosthetics and the attempts to solve them , Berlin (1929)

Memberships

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max Mechow: Renowned CCER (= Historia Academica , 1969, p 247 tape 8/9.).
  2. ↑ The connection merged later and exists today as the Alania Braunschweig gymnastics club .
  3. ↑ Annette Hellenthal: Hermann Schröder - His life and work . Inaugural dissertation, University of Bonn, 1978.
  4. ^ University museums and collections in Germany, collection of articulators
  5. ↑ Hermann Schröder: About development possibilities and prospects of dentistry . In: Friedrich Proell (Hrsg.): Goals and ways of modern dentistry. Festschrift on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the Dental Institute of the University of Greifswald , Verlag Meusser, Berlin 1926, pp. 27–36
  6. ↑ The fluorine content of teeth . In: Zahnärztliche Rundschau . No. 49/1927, p. 870
  7. ^ JH Bowes, MM Murray: The chemical composition of the teeth. I. The estimation of fluorine and the fluorine content of normal teeth , Biochemical Journal 29 (1935) pp. 102-107
  8. ↑ S. Gabriel: Chemical studies on the minerals of the bones and teeth . In: Hoppe Seyler's journal for physiological chemistry . Volume 18, 1894, pp. 257-303
  9. ↑ New biological dental therapy and prophylaxis on an internal basis . In: The Echo . Volume 54, February 1935, pp. LXXVI-LXXVII
  10. ↑ Self-protection. The great Homoia book , Homoia Verlag, Karlsruhe 1927
  11. ↑ How do you get healthy teeth? Advertising brochure for dental fluoride , Homoia GmbH, Karlsruhe, 1935
  12. ↑ From an early age ... , advertising brochure for lime fluoride from Homoia, undated
  13. ↑ Ali Vicdani Doyum: Alfred Kantorowicz with special reference to his work in İstanbul (A contribution to the history of modern dentistry). Medical dissertation, Würzburg 1985, pp. 227-229, 239 and 253 f.
  14. ↑ Fight against tooth decay. On the first meeting of the working group for caries research in Berlin , Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen 27 (1936) p. 561
  15. ↑ Speech of the Reichszahnärzteführer, held at the 1st meeting of the Working Group for Caries Research and Combating Caries , Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen 27 (1936) p. 563
  16. ^ E. Schrickel: First meeting of the working group for caries research and combating caries , Deutsche Zahnärztliche Wochenschrift 39 (1936) pp. 584, 629, 727
  17. ↑ Wolfgang Kirchhoff, Caris-Petra Heidel: ... totally finished with National Socialism? The never-ending story of dentistry under National Socialism . Mabuse, Frankfurt 2016; P. 205 f.
  18. ^ Franz Wirz: Tasks of Science - Will of Health Management, Forrog Leaves No. 7 (1936) p. 54
  19. ↑ Hermann Schröder: Contribution to the chapter on nutrition and caries with a special focus on calcium . In: Eugen Wannenmacher (Ed.): A cross section of German scientific dentistry . Meusser Verlag, Leipzig, 1938, pp. 201–222
  20. ↑ Hermann Schröder: Study of the importance of bread, especially whole grain bread, for keeping the teeth healthy . In: German dentistry, oral and maxillofacial medicine . Volume 8, No. 9, September 1941, pp. 469-491
  21. ^ Ernst Klee: Das Personenlexikon zum Third Reich , Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt 2003, p. 611.
  22. ^ The ZM report. The Reichszahnärzteführer founded an institute for caries research , Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen Vol. 33, Issue 9/10 (1942) p. 82
  23. ^ The Institute for Caries Research was established in Berlin , Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen 33 (1942) 93 f.
  24. ↑ Prof. Dr. Euler, Breslau, took over the provisional management of the Institute for Caries Research , Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen 33 (1942) p. 292
  25. ^ Ernst Stuck: Hermann Schröder - Researcher and Consultant , Zahnärztliche Mitteilungen 33 (1942) p. 139; see pp. 140, 142, 143
  26. ^ List of literature to be discarded . Second addendum, German Administration for National Education in the Soviet Zone of Occupation, Deutscher Zentralverlag, Berlin 1948, pp. 143–170
  27. ^ List of literature to be discarded . Second addendum, German Administration for National Education in the Soviet Occupation Zone, Deutscher Zentralverlag, Berlin 1948, pp. 307–328

Web links
personal data
SURNAME Schröder, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German dentist
DATE OF BIRTH February 3, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Verden
DATE OF DEATH April 17, 1942
Place of death Berlin