Hertha Marks Ayrton
Hertha Marks Ayrton , born Phoebe Sarah Marks, (born April 28, 1854 , Portsea in Portsmouth ; † August 26, 1923 in Lancing ) was an English mathematician and electrical engineer . She was the first female member of the English Association of Electrical Engineers and the first recipient of the Hughes Medal.
Life
Phoebe Marks came from a Jewish immigrant family from Poland. She studied mathematics at Girton College from 1874 to 1880 and worked as a mathematics teacher in the following years. In 1884 she invented a recorder for the pulse rate and a mechanical device for dividing a line into parts of equal length, which was used in construction technology. In 1885 she married the British physicist William Edward Ayrton .
In 1893 she and her husband began experimental work on the electric arc . This was followed by several publications in The Electrican in 1895 and 1896 , which in the following years were combined into an internationally accepted specialist book on the subject of the electric arc. In 1899 she became the first woman to become a member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE) and received an award for her work on the arc. In spite of her professional competence, she was not allowed to present her work before the Royal Society in 1902 ; her husband had to represent it. It was not until 1905 that she was the first woman to give a lecture to the Royal Society, although she was denied membership of the Royal Society for life.
She registered 26 patents and was awarded the Hughes Medal in 1906 for her work on the electric arc. During the First World War , she developed a device for removing poison gas, the so-called Ayrton Fan , which was also used in mines after the war. After the death of her husband in 1908, she actively campaigned for women's suffrage , which was introduced in England in 1918.
Trivia
- On April 28, 2016, for his 162nd birthday, Google honored Hertha Marks Ayrton with its own Google Doodle .
literature
- Kurt Jäger, Friedrich Heilbronner: Lexicon of electrical engineers . 2nd Edition. VDE Verlag GmbH, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-8007-2903-6 .
- Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie : Women in science: antiquity through the nineteenth century: a biographical dictionary with annotated bibliography . 3. Edition. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 1991, ISBN 0-262-65038-X , pp. 32-34
Individual evidence
- ^ Hertha Marks Ayrton: The Electric Arc . The Electrican Printing and Publishing Co, London 1902 ( online ).
- ^ 162nd birthday of Hertha Marks Ayrton , accessed on June 26, 2016.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Ayrton, Hertha Marks |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English mathematician, electrical engineer and inventor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 28, 1854 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Portsea |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 26, 1923 |
| Place of death | Lancing |