Duke of Albany

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Duke of Albany is a hereditary British title of nobility , the six times younger sons of the Scottish ( House of Stuart ) and once of the British royal family ( House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha ) was awarded. The title has been suspended since 1919.

The Dukedoms of Albany first to sixth award belonged to the Peerage of Scotland , the seventh award to the Peerage of the United Kingdom .

Awards

Carl Eduard von Sachsen-Coburg and Gotha, the last Duke of Albany to date, was stripped of the title in 1919

The Dukedom of Albany was first established on April 28, 1398 by King Robert III. bestowed by Scotland on his brother, Robert Stewart . Albany from Gaelic alba was a general name for the area of ​​Scotland north of the River Forth , which roughly corresponded to the earlier kingdom of the Picts . The 2nd Duke was executed on May 24, 1425 for high treason, the title was withdrawn and expired.

Around 1458 the title was re-established for James Stewart. It went out when his son, the 2nd Duke, died childless on June 2, 1536. In 1541 the title was bestowed on Arthur Stewart, the newborn second son of King James V of Scotland , and expired when the child died just eight days after his baptism.

The fourth bestowal of the title was on July 20, 1565 to Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley , the husband of Queen Maria Stuart . He had already been awarded the subordinate titles Earl of Ross and Lord Ardmannoch on May 15, 1565 . His son James Stuart, Duke of Rothesay , inherited him on February 10, 1567 and was named Jacob VI on July 24, 1567. King of Scotland, thus merging his title with the crown. King James VI re-created the title in the fifth bestowal on December 23, 1600 for his son Charles , along with the subordinate titles Marquess of Ormond , Earl of Ross, and Lord Ardmannoch . When Karl I ascended the throne on March 27, 1625, the titles merged with the crown again.

The title was next bestowed on December 31, 1660 by King Charles II on his younger brother James, Duke of York . When he succeeded his older brother to the throne on February 6, 1685, the title merged again with the crown.

The pretender to the throne Charles Edward Stuart temporarily claimed the title of Duke of Albany and “appointed” his illegitimate daughter Charlotte (1753–1789) as Duchess of Albany at the latest in 1783. These titles, as well as his claim to the throne, were not recognized.

Under the Hanoverian kings of Great Britain, the title of Duke of York and Albany was awarded three times, namely in 1716, 1760 and 1786, in the Peerage of Great Britain .

The actual title of Duke of Albany was bestowed for the seventh time on May 24, 1881, on Prince Leopold , the fourth son of Queen Victoria , along with the subordinate titles of Earl of Clarence and Baron Arklow . Leopold's son Charles was stripped of the title in 1919 due to the Titles Deprivation Act of 1917, as he had fought on Germany's side against England in World War I:
Carl Eduard was born after the death of his father and has held the title of Duke of Albany since his birth. On March 28, 1919, he was stripped of his titles as Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence, Baron Arklow and Prince of Great Britain and Ireland by order of King George V of Great Britain and Ireland . Besides him, three other people were affected by the Titles Deprivation Act : Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hanover as Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale , Earl of Armagh and Prince of Great Britain and Ireland , Duke Ernst August of Braunschweig-Lüneburg as Prince of Great Britain and Ireland and Heinrich Earl of Taaffe as the 12th Viscount Taaffe and Baron Ballymote . Under the Titles Deprivation Act, the male heirs of these persons have the right to ask the British Crown to restore them to these titles, but have not yet made use of them. The heirs of the Duke of Albany from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha can no longer petition because they come from marriages that were concluded without the consent of the British Crown and therefore these marriages cannot have any legal consequences in the United Kingdom.

List of the Dukes of Albany

Dukes of Albany, first bestowed (1398)

Dukes of Albany, second bestowal (1458)

Dukes of Albany, third bestowal (1541)

  • Arthur Stewart, Duke of Albany (1541)

Dukes of Albany, fourth award (1565)

Dukes of Albany, fifth award (1600)

Dukes of Albany, sixth bestowal (1660)

Dukes of Albany, Seventh Award (1881)

Trivia

In William Shakespeare's King Lear , one of the main characters is the Duke of Albany, one of Lear's sons-in-law.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marlene A. Eilers Koenig: Royal Marriages Act - and who was actually eligible? Royal Musings Blogspot, August 30, 2015.