Earl of Ross

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Coat of arms of the Earl of Ross

The Mormaer or Earl of Ross refers to the lord of a medieval Gaelic lordship in northern Scotland , which was roughly between the rivers Oykel and Beauly .

The hereditary title of Earl of Ross was awarded three times in the Peerage of Scotland and once in the Peerage of Ireland .

history

Early Mormaers / Earls of Ross

The first owner of the count's office in Ross was the rebel Máel Coluim mac Áeda . The actual founder of the county, however, was Ferchar mac in tSagairt , who gained the title in the 1220s by destroying two related rebel groups, the " MacHeths " and " Meic Uilleim ". He and his son and successor Uilleam I expanded the county considerably by taking territory from the King of Norway . The family died in 1372 with Uilleam III. and his daughter Euphemia , who was married to Walter Leslie . The role of head of Clan Ross and the title of Earl of Ross remained with the descendants of Euphemias and Walter Leslie until the death of Alexander Leslie, 7th Earl of Ross in 1402, and was now used by the MacDonald , Lord of the Isles , and later taken over by the House of Stuart . The position of head of Clan Ross was now passed on to the descendants of Aodh, 4th Earl of Ross († 1334).

Awards in the Peerage of Scotland

On January 23, 1481, he was given title in the Peerage of Scotland to James Stewart , second son of King James III. awarded. Along with the Earldom, he also received the subordinate title of Lord of Brechin, Navar and Ardmannoch . On January 29, 1488 he was also raised to Duke of Ross , Marquess of Ormond , Earl of Edirdale and Lord Brechin and Navar . The titles expired on his death on January 17, 1504.

The next bestowal was on May 15, 1565 in favor of Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley . At the same time he was given the subordinate title Lord Ardmannoch . A little later, on July 20 of the same year, he was also promoted to Duke of Albany . After his murder in 1567, his son James inherited his title, who a few months later became Jacob VI. ascended the Scottish throne, thereby merging the titles with the crown again.

On January 23, 1600, the title was recreated for Charles Stuart . He was the second-born son of King Jacob VI. Together with the Earldom he was awarded the titles of Duke of Albany , Marquess of Ormond and Lord Ardmannoch . In 1625 Charles became king and the title became void by merging with the crown.

Awarded in the Peerage of Ireland

On January 4, 1772, in the Peerage of Ireland, the title Earl of Ross , in the County of Fermanagh , was bestowed on Ralph Gore, 1st Viscount Belleisle . He had already been promoted to Baron Gore , of Manor Gore in the County of Donegal on June 30, 1764 , and Viscount Belleisle , of Belleisle in the County of Fermanagh, on August 25, 1768 , and had the title of 6 by his father in 1746 . Baronet , of Magherabegg, created in 1622 in the Baronetage of Ireland, inherited. His titles expired when he died in September 1802 with no male heirs, with the exception of the Baronetcy, which passed to a nephew.

List of Mormaers and Earls of Ross

Early Mormaers / Earls of Ross

  1. ⚭ Sir Walter Leslie
  2. ⚭ Alexander Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan

Earls of Ross, bestowed 1481

Earls of Ross, bestowed 1565

Earls of Ross, bestowed 1600

Earls of Ross, Irish bestowal of 1772

literature

  • Alexander Grant: The Province of Ross and the Kingdom of Alba . In: EJ Cowan, R. Andrew McDonald (Eds.): Alba. Celtic Scotland in the Medieval Era . Tuckwell Press, East Linton 2000, ISBN 1-86232-151-5 .
  • R. Andrew McDonald: Old and New in the Far North. Ferchar Maccintsacairt and the Early Earls of Ross . In: Steve Boardman, Alasdair Ross (ed.): The Exercise of Power in Medieval Scotland, c.1200–1500 . Four Courts Press, Dublin 2003, ISBN 1-85182-749-8 .
  • John L. Roberts: Lost Kingdoms. Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages . Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1997, ISBN 0-7486-0910-5 .
  • Peter Brown (Ed.): The Peerage of Scotland . Edinburgh 1834, p. 212 .
  • John Anderson: The Ancient Earls of Ross . In: James Balfour Paul (Ed.): The Scots Peerage . tape 7 : Panmure – Sinclair . David Douglas, Edinburgh 1910, p. 230–244 (English, Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  • James Balfour Paul: Stewart, Duke of Ross . In: James Balfour Paul (Ed.): The Scots Peerage . tape 7 : Panmure – Sinclair . David Douglas, Edinburgh 1910, p. 245–246 (English, Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Iain Moncreiffe of that Ilk, Don Pottinger (ed.): Scotland of Old: Clan Names Map . Bartholomew, Edinburgh 1991, ISBN 978-0-7028-1709-0 .
  2. ↑ According to Anderson, p. 244, first documented in the seal of the 3rd Earl.
  3. ↑ John Stewart, Earl of Buchan, had a double earl title on some documents from the period between 1415 and 1424. The official award of the title of Earl of Ross cannot be proven.