Heterometrus liurus
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Heterometrus liurus is an Indian scorpion in the Scorpionidae family .
description
Heterometrus liurus is a scorpion up to 80 millimeters long with a reddish-brown basic color. Only the legs and the telson are yellow to yellowish or reddish brown in color and are always lighter than the body. The chelae are hairy and slightly lobed, with a length to width ratio of 2.2 to 2.5 to 1. The limbs of the pedipalps show no sexual dimorphism . The carapace has a smooth and shiny surface in the middle, with a few granules occasionally at the edges. The combs of the comb organ have 10 to 14 teeth in both sexes. The telson is hairy and spherical, with a poisonous bladder that is significantly longer than the poison sting . The genital operculum is large and about as wide as it is long.
distribution and habitat
As Terra typica of Heterometrus liurus were first described in Gwalior ( 26 ° 13 ' N , 78 ° 11' O ) and Bhopal ( 23 ° 15 ' N , 77 ° 25' O ) specified. The cities are each located in a district of the same name in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh .
Another find was reported in 1929 from what is now the Mudumalai National Park in the Nilgiri Mountains of Tamil Nadu state , but there has not yet been any confirmation. Likewise, the statement by Jean-Louis Fages , who reported on the discovery of Heterometrus liurus from Indochina in 1946 , is questioned. Probably the finds were wrongly determined.
Systematics
Initial description
It was first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1897.
Type material
Pocock based his first description on several adult and juvenile scorpions from both localities. Couzijn set a female specimen as the hololectotype and a male as the allolectotype in 1983 as part of his revision of the genus Heterometrus . These names did not correspond to the rules of zoological nomenclature. Therefore, in 2004, Kovařík determined Couzijn's hololectotypes to the lectotype and his allolectotypes and two other specimens to paralectotypes. The type specimens all come from the Gwalior site and are in the collection of the Natural History Museum in London .
etymology
Pocock gave no information about the word meaning of the species name. It could be derived from the Greek words leios (German: slim or thin ) and oura (German: tail ) and refer to the slim metasoma of Heterometrus leiurus. Respectively. The usual spelling would then have been leiurus , as in the case of the scorpion genus Leiurus of the family Buthidae , which had also been incorrectly spelled Liurus by Pocock in another publication .
Synonyms (chronological)
- Palamnaeus liurus Pocock , 1900 : the name was given by Pocock in his first description, but the genus Palamnaeus had already been declared a synonym for Heterometrus by Ferdinand Karsch in 1879 .
- Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus) liurus Couzijn , 1981 : HWC Couzijn described the subgenus Chersonesometrus in 1981 , in which he also placed Heterometrus liurus . The subgenus Chersonesometrus and all other subgenera of Heterometrus described by Couzijn were repealed in 2004 by František Kovařík in his revision of the genus Heterometrus .
literature
- František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828, with descriptions of seven new species (Scorpiones, Scorpionidae). In: Euscorpius , 2004, No. 15, pp. 1-60, online PDF , 6.3 MB.
- Reginald Innes Pocock: Descriptions of some new species of Scorpions from India. In: Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 1897, Volume 11, pp. 102-117, digitized .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 23.
- ↑ a b c Reginald Innes Pocock: Descriptions of some new species of Scorpions from India, pp. 114-115.
- ↑ Carl Friedrich Roewer: South Indian Scorpions, Chelonethi and Opilioniden. In: Revue suisse de Zoologie 1929, Volume 36, No. 21, pp. 609–639, digitized .
- ^ Jean-Louis Fage: Scorpions et Pédipalpes de l`Indochine française. In: Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 1944, Volume 113, pp. 71-81, ZDB -ID 312-8 .
- ↑ Victor Fet: Family Scorpionidae. In: Victor Fet et al .: Catalog of the scorpions of the world (1758-1998). The New York Entomological Society, New York 2000, pp. 427-486, here p. 442, online PDF , 31 MB.
- ^ A b H. WC Couzijn: Revision of the genus Heterometrus. In: Zoologische Verhandelingen 1981, Volume 184, No. 1, pp. 1–196 (also dissertation, University of Leiden 1981), here pp. 151–153, online PDF , 18.6 MB.
- ↑ Gérard Dupré: Dictionary of scientific scorpion names. In: Arachnides. Bulletin de Terrariophile et de Recherche 2016, Supplement to No. 78, pp. 35–36, online PDF , 560 kB.
- ^ Reginald Innes Pocock: Arachnida. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor & Francis, London 1900, p. 13, digitized .
- ^ Ferdinand Karsch: Scorpionological contributions. I. In: Mitteilungen des Münchener Entomologische Verein 1879, Volume 3, No. 1, pp. 6–22, here p. 20, digitized .
- ^ František Kovařík: A review of the genus Heterometrus, p. 4.