Common Violet Porling
| Common Violet Porling | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common Violettporling ( Trichaptum abietinum ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Trichaptum abietinum | ||||||||||||
| ( Pers .: Fr. ) Ryvarden |
The Common Violettporling ( Trichaptum abietinum , Syn. : Hirschioporus abietinus ) is a fungal art from the family of Stielporlingsverwandten (Polyporaceae). Because of the very thin, leathery, tough and more or less violet-edged fruit bodies , it is also called violet leather porling . The otherwise greyish surface is textured from fine velvet to felty. The narrow tube layer has very small pores that are also purple in color when young, but later fade brownish. The very common and widespread pore fungus grows all year round on dead branches and trunks of various conifers, most commonly on spruce . Sometimes it is also called Fir Tramete - a translation of the no longer used scientific species name Trametes abietina .
features
Macroscopic features
The common violettporling forms very thin deposits on the underside of trunks, lying flat on the substrate , which often cover large areas. Narrow consoles or hats that protrude up to 3 cm from the wood are also created in vertical places and on small branches. The thin, leathery, tough hats are usually attached to each other like roof tiles or laterally. The whitish-gray upper side is tomentose and zoned concentrically. The fruiting bodies bald with age and often show a green color due to algae growth. The edge is sharp-edged and often tinted purple. The net-like, porous tube layer on the underside of the hat consists of very short, about 1–2 mm long, dark brown tubes. The tubes open into fine round to oblong or angular pores. There are around 3–5 pores per millimeter. The young violet colored pores discolour with age violet-brown to yellow-brown. The very thin meat has a leathery, tough consistency and an insignificant smell and taste.
Microscopic features
The white spores show no iodine color reaction. They are smooth-walled, cylindrical to slightly curved and measure 6–8 × 2–3 micrometers. The club-shaped basidia are 13–15 µm long, 5–6 µm wide and each carry 4 sterigms . The abundant cystids usually do not protrude beyond the basidia and are covered with crystals at the tips. The Dimitic hyphae system is composed of generative hyphae and skeletal hyphae. The generative hyphae are 2–4 µm wide, thin-walled and translucent. They wear buckles on the septa and hardly branch. The thick-walled, 2.5–5 µm wide skeletal hyphae are also colorless and rarely branched, but not septate.
Species delimitation
The common violettporling is easy to recognize due to its purple color and the very thin fruiting bodies. From a distance it is reminiscent of a bark mushroom, until, on closer inspection, you discover the fine pores. The similar tooth-shaped Violettporling ( Trichaptum fuscoviolaceum ) differs by its coarser hymenophore, which is dissolved in plate-shaped teeth . This rarer species mainly grows on pine wood at the edges of the bog.
ecology
The common violettporling occurs in all coniferous, deciduous forests mixed with conifers, as well as in the corresponding forests, regardless of how nutritious or calcareous the soil is. It can also be found in clear-cut corridors, clearings, on the edges of forests or bogs and in parks. As the first decomposer, it colonizes standing or lying dead trunks or thicker branches that are mostly still barked. But it can also be found on stumps and stumps. The fungus remains on its substrate until it is completely rotten and continues to form new fruiting bodies or growth zones. The substrate is primarily softwood, especially spruce wood. It grows far less often on silver fir or pine wood, the fungus is only very rarely found on hardwood.
In years with high rainfall, the annual fruiting bodies are formed from the end of May to June, otherwise not until later in summer. The leathery, tough fruiting bodies can be found all year round, but in dry years they can easily be overlooked in late spring, as no new fruiting bodies have yet formed and the dead and dried up remains from the previous year take on the color of the tree bark.
distribution
The common violettporling is distributed meridional to boreal , so you can find it from the Mediterranean area to the northern coniferous forests. He was born in Asia (Asia Minor, Caucasus, Siberia, Central Asia, Iran, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Tibet, China, Korea, Japan and the Philippines), in North and Central America (Guatemala, Venezuela, Colombia, Cuba, Mexico, USA, Canada), North Africa (Morocco, Algeria), the Canary Islands and Madeira . In Europe the fungus occurs in the south of Portugal, Spain, Italy, Slovenia and Romania to Greece. In the north-west it is distributed as far as the Hebrides , in the north it is distributed throughout Fennoscandinavia and penetrates eastward to the Urals. There is only no evidence from Albania and Iceland.
In Germany and Austria, it is one of the most common types of conifers. It is widespread from the coast to far into the Alps and is common everywhere. You can find the common violet pork from the lowlands to the higher mountains.
meaning
As the first decomposer of dead coniferous wood, the fungus plays an important role in the forest ecosystem. The leathery, tough fruiting bodies are not edible.
swell
literature
- Kwan Soo Ko, Hack Sung Jung: Phylogenetics of Trichaptum Based on Mitochondrial Small Subunit rDNA Sequences . In: Journal of Microbiology . tape 36 , no. 4 . Microbiological Society of Korea, 1997, pp. 259-263 (English).
Individual evidence
- ^ Synonyms of Trichaptum abietinum. In: Species Fungorum / speciesfungorum.org. Index Fungorum, accessed November 29, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c Ewald Gerhart: Mushrooms: Röhrlinge, Porlinge, belly mushrooms, sac mushrooms and others . Spectrum of Nature BLV Intersive Guide. tape 2 . BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, Munich, Vienna, Zurich 1985, ISBN 3-405-12965-6 , pp. 118 .
- ↑ Hans E. Laux (Ed.): The Cosmos PilzAtlas . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-440-10622-5 , p. 250 .
- ^ Trichaptum abietinum in MycoBank. In: mycobank.org. Retrieved November 29, 2011 .
- ↑ Marcel Bon (ed.): Parey's book of mushrooms . Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 318 .
- ↑ a b German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 , p. 593.
- ↑ Worldwide distribution of Trichaptum abietinum. In: data.gbif.org. Retrieved November 29, 2011 .
