Holmium (III) chloride

Crystal structure
	__ Ho 3+ __ Cl -
Space group	C 2 / m (No. 12)
General
Surname	Holmium (III) chloride
other names	Holmium trichloride
Ratio formula	HoCl 3
Brief description	light yellow solid
External identifiers / databases
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.339
PubChem	24992
Wikidata	Q410649
properties
Molar mass	271.29 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	3.7 g cm −3
Melting point	718 ° C ; 165 ° C (hexahydrate);
boiling point	1470 ° C
solubility	soluble in water
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 315-319-335
	P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
Toxicological data	5.165 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , mouse , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Holmium (III) chloride is a chemical compound from the group of chlorides .

Extraction and presentation

Holmium (III) chloride can be obtained by reacting holmium (III) oxide and ammonium chloride at 200–250 ° C.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {Ho_ {2} O_ {3} +6 \ NH_ {4} Cl \ longrightarrow 2 \ HoCl_ {3} +6 \ NH_ {3} +2 \ H_ {2} O}}

The hexahydrate is formed by the reaction of holmium with hydrochloric acid . This can be converted to the anhydrate form by reaction with thionyl chloride .

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ Ho + 6 \ HCl \ longrightarrow 2 \ HoCl_ {3} +3 \ H_ {2}}}

Holmium (III) chloride can also be synthesized directly from the elements holmium and chlorine .

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {2 \ Ho + 3 \ Cl_ {2} \ longrightarrow 2 \ HoCl_ {3}}}

properties

Holmium (III) chloride and its hexahydrate are pale yellow solids in daylight that are soluble in water. The hexahydrate begins to give off water of crystallization at 64 ° C. Holmium (III) chloride has a monoclinic crystal structure similar to that of aluminum (III) chloride .

use

Holmium (III) chloride is used to make pure holmium.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0 , pp. 488 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f data sheet Holmium (III) chloride, anhydrous, powder, 99.9% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 30, 2012 ( PDF ).
^ Americanelements: Holmium Chloride
↑ Data sheet Holmium (III) chloride hexahydrate, 99.9% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 30, 2012 ( PDF ).
↑ ^a ^b ^c Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY.
↑ Web elements: Holmium
^ John Emsley: Nature's building blocks: an AZ guide to the elements . Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8 , pp. 181 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Lax-1] Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . 2007, ISBN 978-3-540-60035-0 , pp. 488 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Sigma-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f data sheet Holmium (III) chloride, anhydrous, powder, 99.9% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 30, 2012 ( PDF ).

[3] Americanelements: Holmium Chloride

[SigmaH-4] Data sheet Holmium (III) chloride hexahydrate, 99.9% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 30, 2012 ( PDF ).

[Brauer-5] Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY.

[6] Web elements: Holmium

[Emsley-7] John Emsley: Nature's building blocks: an AZ guide to the elements . Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8 , pp. 181 ( limited preview in Google Book search).