DR 135 002… 059

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DR 135 002 ... 059
Presidential motor coach
Presidential motor coach
Numbering: DR 1920–1945 : 135 002–011,
135 022–031,
135 051–059
DB: VT 75 900–915,
DR 1945–1993 : 135 006 and 054,
from 1970: 186 257,
from 1992: 786 257
Number: 29
Manufacturer: Busch Bautzen
Year of construction (s): 1933-1935
Retirement: 1997
Type : A1 dm
Genre : CvT
Gauge : 1435 mm ( standard gauge )
Length over buffers: 12,220 mm
Length: 11,140 mm
Height: 3,570 mm (without cooler)
Width: 3,060 mm
Fixed wheelbase: 6,200 mm
Service mass: 002–011: 14,660 kg
022–031: 14,940 kg
051–059: 15,440 kg (unoccupied railcar)
Top speed: 70 km / h; 75 km / h
Installed capacity: 88 kW (120 hp); 99 kW (135 hp)
Wheel diameter: 900 mm
Motor type: Daimler-Benz OM 54
Motor type: Six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine
Rated speed: 1,700 min -1
Power transmission: mechanical with TAG gear
Tank capacity: 240 l
Brake: Compressed air brake of the Knorr type
from 1937 Hildebrand-Knorr compressed air brake
Seats: 42 + 3/39 + 6/35 + 10 folding seats
Standing room: 28
Floor height: 1,240 mm
Classes : 3.

The railcars DR 135 002 ... 059 are developed in the 1930s railcars - series of German Railway for passenger transport on branch lines . The design of these dates back to the DR 720 to 722 and was part of the first larger series of two-axle railcars manufactured by Busch Bautzen . To distinguish other railcars of this era, they are now also referred to as the VT 135, angular design, with mechanical power transmission . One railcar from the series has been preserved and is an exhibit in the traditional Staßfurt depot .

history

After the construction of a few railcars in small numbers, the construction of vehicles started with these vehicles according to the scheme of the DR 720 to 722, which was built a year earlier . In three series (135 002-011, 135 022-031 and 135 051-059), the Bautzen wagon factory delivered a total of 29 two-axle railcars between 1933 and 1935. In addition, 62 sidecars were manufactured by other companies, also in three series (140 032-047, 097-122 and 230-249). There were differences in the railcars in terms of frame, structure and motorization. While the first vehicles in the first series (135 002-011) were still completely riveted, welding technology was also used from the second series (135 022-031). The third series (135 051-059) was then completely welded. In the first series, Daimler engines with 120 hp were used. They were later replaced by more powerful engines with 135 hp, which were then also used in later series. Due to the more powerful engines and improvements to the gearbox and replacement of the block brakes with drum brakes, as well as double wheelset suspension, the speed of the vehicles of the third series could be increased to 75 km / h.

The railcars were mainly used in Saxony and Bavaria. At the beginning of the war, the vehicles were initially shut down and parked in an operational state. Later they were used for military traffic in the Wehrmacht . In the 1940s, some railcars were powered by gas generators, but this was reversed after the war.

Eleven railcars are to be regarded as a war loss. After the war 16 vehicles came to the Deutsche Bundesbahn (DB) and were classified there as VT 75 900–915 . These vehicles were retired until 1962. Two vehicles ( 135 006 and 054 ) were added to the DR fleet, with only the VT 135 054 being used. It was converted into a saloon vehicle. In 1970 it was still there and was given the number 186 257 . It was not retired until 1997. Today it is part of the museum inventory and is preserved in the Staßfurt depot.

A special form was the 135 060 , which was part of this series. However, there were some construction differences, so this is described separately.

Constructive features

The Daimler OM 54 engine was suspended with the transmission on an engine support frame designed as a gooseneck support under the frame. It partially protruded into the passenger compartment and was covered with a folding bench. The engine, which weighs around 1,000 kilograms, worked according to the pre-chamber method . The crankshaft and crankshaft drive were slide bearings. The cylinder liners were lubricated with spray oil, the connecting rod bearings on the crankshaft with pressure oil. The power transmission took place mechanically on an axle. A multi-disc gear with four gears of the TAG type was used, and a reversing gear was also integrated.

The angular car body had recessed entry areas at the ends. There were revolving doors that were hung on the car body. The railcars each had five rectangular side windows and two front windows. Some of the wagons had a toilet and a luggage room. Except for a few dimensions, the design matched that of the DR 720 to 722 . The two transverse radiators on the roof of the car were a noticeable distinguishing feature.

First, the railcars were heated with the exhaust gas heat, later the heating was converted to a cooling water circulating air heater. A driver's cab heater was also retrofitted.

The sidecar initially only had a 3rd class compartment. But as early as 1935/36 most sidecars were given a toilet. At the same time, a mail room was installed in 16 sidecars, and a 2nd class compartment with six or eight seats in six sidecars. 18 sidecars came to the DB, 13 sidecars to the DR in the GDR.

literature

  • Horst J. Obermayer: Paperback German railcars . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1973, ISBN 3-440-04054-2 , p. 187/188 .
  • Günther Dietz, Otto Humbach: Two-axle vehicles for branch lines . In: railway magazine . No. 9 , 2012, p. 6-15 .
  • Heinz R. Kurz: The railcars of the Reichsbahn types . EK-Verlag, Freiburg 1988, ISBN 3-88255-803-2 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Internet page with database on railcars in Germany, sub-page vehicle list
  2. Detailed information about the surviving VT 135.054 in the Stassfurt Railway Museum
  3. Heinz R. Kurz: The railcars of the Reichsbahn types. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 1988, ISBN 3-88255-803-2 , photos on pages 108-109
  4. Database on the manufactured VT 135 of angular design
  5. ^ Photo of the surviving VT 135.054
  6. Heinz R. Kurz: The railcars of the Reichsbahn types. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 1988, ISBN 3-88255-803-2 , page 94