Holy Trinity, Goodramgate
The medieval former parish church of Holy Trinity (Holy Trinity ) on Goodramgate Street in York , commonly referred to as Holy Trinity, Goodramgate , dates from the 13th and 14th centuries, parts of the choir were built as early as the first half of the 12th century . The building is protected as a Grade I Listed Building .
The church is now cared for by the Churches Conservation Trust . It was decommissioned on June 29, 1971 and handed over to the Trust on November 7, 1972.
Building history
The church is said to have been mentioned for the first time in 1082, but there are doubts about the authenticity of this document. A church at this location has certainly been occupied since the 1120s. The first church was a simple rectangular structure with thin walls. The remains of a console on the northeast pillar of the tower date from this time. While the east wall contains elements from the 12th century, the chapel on the southeast side was only added in the 13th century. A capital on the south side of the chancel also dates from the 13th century and is decorated not only with leaves, but also with elaborate patterns of intersecting lines. The structure of the church that is preserved today is otherwise essentially from the 14th century. The tower was added in the 15th century. The large east window was donated at the end of the 15th century, and the north aisle and the entire chancel may have been renewed at the same time as it was installed. Later changes included raising the roofs (1585) and flooring in 1633, and removing the choir screens. In 1792 a sacristy was added and in 1849 the entrance in the south-west was redesigned: instead of the old arched entrance, the church has since been entered through a front gate.
In 1316 a row of houses called Our Lady's Row was built in the churchyard . Here lived a priest who read masses with an "intention", that is, with a special concern, after pious citizens had set up a mass grant in favor of St. Mary. The Our Lady's Row is one of the oldest rows of houses in York that are still in its original condition.
architecture
The church is set back from the street and only accessible through an archway that dates from the 18th century. The church building is made of limestone, but was often repaired with bricks in the 17th to 19th centuries . The simple floor plan includes the central nave and two side aisles, each with four bays , whereby the two bays of the chancel are not architecturally separated from each other by the two bays of the nave. The west tower with a gable roof rises above the central nave, and chapels are attached to the south-east and south of the south aisle .
The arcades , dating from the 14th and 15th centuries, consist of octagonal pillars supporting arches with double fighters . All windows on the south facade are designed in the decorated style , with a straight top and reticulated tracery . The arches in the nave are decorated with intertwined lines that correspond more to the German late Gothic style and are unusual for the English Gothic.
St. James Chapel, accessible through a Tudor arch from the south aisle, was probably built with funds from a bequest from Robert de Howme, who died in 1396. His coat of arms can be seen on the west side of the arch.
Furnishing
A special feature is the almost unchanged equipment of the church (called higgledy-piggledy by Pevsner ) , which has been preserved almost unchanged from the 17th and 18th centuries, with an uneven wooden floor and wooden pews , which are box stalls, spatially self-contained chairs with lateral ones Entrance door as it appeared in England after the Reformation. The stalls were restored by the Yorkshire Architectural Society in 1845 and are still in good working order. The church also has an octagonal baptismal font from the 18th century with a lid from 1787 and the octagonal pulpit from 1785.
Medieval stained glass window
The east window is a good example of a medieval stained glass window from the 15th century, donated in 1471. It shows (read from top left to bottom right) George the dragon slayer , John the Baptist , the Trinity , John the Evangelist , St. Christopher , below This is followed by the depiction of the Holy Kinship , with Maria Cleophae with husband Alphaeus and four children, Saint Anna and her husband Joachim with Maria as a child and the baby Jesus and the disciples Salome and Zebedee with the evangelist Johannes as a child, the window closes with one Scene from the Ursula legend . Two more rows with figures below are not preserved. Fragments can be found in the remaining windows of the church.
The remaining windows contain fragments from the 14th and 15th centuries and show Mary as the Queen of Heaven in the mandorla (north aisle, top left), Saint William of York (north aisle, top right), Paulinus von York (south aisle, top) left) and St. Stefanus (south aisle, top right) as well as various coats of arms.
South side
North side with entrance
View from west to east, in the foreground the box stalls, in the background the large east window
Altar with communion bench
South aisle
chapel
Individual evidence
- ↑ Holy Trinity Church Entry on the Churches Conservation Trust website , accessed November 21, 2019
- ↑ http://www.churchofengland.org/media/811221/york%20-%20all%20schemes.pdf accessed January 27, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e f g Pevsner, Nikolaus / Neave, David: Yorkshire: York and the East Riding . 2nd edition, 1995, pp. 160-161.
- ^ A b c d e Wilson, Barbara / Mee, Frances: The Medieval Parish Churches of York. The Pictorial Evidence . York, 1998, pp. 39-43.
literature
- Nikolaus Pevsner , and Neave, David [1972]: Yorkshire: York and the East Riding , 2nd edition. Edition, Penguin Books, London 1995, ISBN 0-14-071061-2 .
- Antonia Evans (ed.): The York Book . Blue Bridge, York 2002, ISBN 0-9542749-0-3 .
- Barbara Wilson, and Mee, Frances: The Medieval Parish Churches of York: the pictorial evidence . York Archaeological Trust , York 1998, ISBN 1-874454-19-1 .
- Royal Commission on Historic Monuments [1981]: An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the City of York: Vol V The Central Area . RCHM, England, ISBN 0-11-700892-3 .
- Royal Commission on Historic Monuments [1972]: An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the City of York: Vol III South-west of the Ouse . RCHM, England, ISBN 0-11-700466-9 .
- Home, Gordon: York Minster & Neighboring Abbeys and Churches. 1936, pp. 151-152.
Web links
- 3D modeling of the various construction phases ( Memento from October 30, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- Churches Conservation Trust website at Holy Trinity, Goodramgate
Coordinates: 53 ° 57 ′ 40 " N , 1 ° 4 ′ 49" W.