Holzhausen (noble family)
The noble family Holzhausen comes from Burgholzhausen vor der Höhe and has been living in the imperial city of Frankfurt since 1245 . It is one of the most respected patricians in the ganerbschaft Old Limpurg that the City Council by the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 dominated.
history
Until the end of the 15th century, the family participated in long-distance trading, especially as part of the Frankfurt trade fair , after which they concentrated on managing their numerous properties, including the Fürsteneck building , which was destroyed by bombs in 1944 . This was built after 1350 by the later mayor Johann von Holzhausen and his wife Guda on a piece of land that had previously belonged to the old Frankfurt Jewish quarter , which was destroyed in the pogrom of 1349 . In the 1360s, Johann participated in the suppression of an uprising of the guilds that broke out in 1355 . In 1372 he took part in an embassy to Mainz, which received the Reichsschultheissenamt (the office of the imperial governor in the city and royal palace of Frankfurt ) for 8,800 guilders as a pledge from Emperor Charles IV , and thus in fact the status of a Free Imperial City under the rule of the patriciate attained.
Hamman von Holzhausen (1467–1536) was mayor and a promoter of the Reformation and humanism . His son Justinian von Holzhausen (1502–1553) signed the Schmalkaldic Articles in 1537 as the Frankfurt representative at the Schmalkaldic Bundestag , with which Frankfurt joined the Confessio Augustana . After the Augsburg Interim in 1548, it was thanks to Justinian's diplomatic skill that the city did not sink into denominational quarrels. When Frankfurt was besieged by Protestant princes under the leadership of Moritz von Saxony in the princes' uprising against the emperor in 1552 , the Passau Treaty preserved the Lutheran confession of the imperial city and at the same time its privileges as a trade fair venue and as the place of choice and coronation of the Roman emperors .
The family owned a burial place in the Weißfrauenkirche since 1313 , later also in the Peterskirche . Over the centuries, more than 30 members of the family were mayors of Frankfurt more than 70 times , and they also provided numerous ambassadors at the Reichstag and city days . In 1923, Adolph von Holzhausen, the Frankfurt branch of the family, died out.
The family had owned a property in the heather north of the imperial city, at that time called Holzhausen Oed , with a moated castle in the then even larger castle pond, which was increased and expanded in 1540, but in 1552 during the siege of Frankfurt by Protestant imperial princes around Moritz von Sachsen was destroyed. In 1571 the complex was restored. In 1729 Johann Hieronymus von Holzhausen had a small moated castle built on the foundations of the moated castle according to plans by Louis Remy de la Fosse, who had recently died, as a representative summer residence for his family, the little wooden house . The last male member of the family, Rittmeister Adolph von Holzhausen († 1923), donated the castle and the surrounding park to the city of Frankfurt am Main.
In Frankfurt am Main, memories of the Holzhausen family are fostered in many ways:
- The Holzhausenviertel in the Nordend district is one of the city's preferred residential areas.
- In Holzhausenviertel the lie Holzhausenpark with the Holzhausenschlösschen and Hamman- that Justinian- and Holzhausenstraße .
- The Holzhausenschule is a primary school on Eschersheimer Landstrasse in the Westend district .
coat of arms
Oldest seal from 1334: In black three (2, 1) five-petalled silver roses with red clusters; on the helmet with black and silver covers, two silver roses, from which five black ostrich feathers emerge.
Known family members
Outstanding representatives of the family were u. a .:
- Johann von Holzhausen († 1393)
- Hamman von Holzhausen (1467–1536)
- Justinian von Holzhausen (1502–1553), son of Hamman.
- Johann Georg von Holzhausen , Mayor 1710 and 1714
- Johann Hieronymus von Holzhausen (1674–1736), Mayor 1733
- Johann Maximilian von Holzhausen , Mayor 1761
- Anton Ulrich Carl von Holzhausen (1754–1832), last mayor of the Free Imperial City in 1806
- Adolph von Holzhausen (1866–1923), last representative of the older line of the sex
Tomb of Johann von Holzhausen († 1393) and his wife Guda in Frankfurt Cathedral
Hamman von Holzhausen (1467–1536), by Conrad Faber von Kreuznach (1490)
Justinian von Holzhausen (1502–1553) and Anna Fürstenberger (1510–1573)
Individual evidence
- ↑ A monument of old Frankfurt - the house to the Fürsteneck . In: Frankfurter Verkehrsverein (Ed.): Frankfurter Wochenschau . Bodet & Link, Frankfurt am Main 1937, pp. 513-517
- ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume V, Volume 84 of the complete series, Limburg (Lahn) 1984, p. 339
literature
- Franz Lerner: Figures from the history of the Frankfurt patrician family von Holzhausen , Verlag von Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1953
- Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume V, Volume 84 of the complete series, Limburg (Lahn) 1984, p. 338 f.
