Holzhausenschlösschen

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Holzhausenschlösschen, east facade with bridge and entrance (2009)
Holzhausenschlösschen, view from the southwest (2015)
The burning Holzhausen-Oede on the map by Conrad Faber von Kreuznach 1552.

The Holzhausenschlösschen (formerly also Holzhausen Oed ) is a baroque moated castle , built by the Frankfurt patrician family Holzhausen on an estate that they owned , at that time north of Frankfurt am Main . Today it is - due to the growth of the city in the 19th century - in the Frankfurt district of Nordend , surrounded on three sides by Holzhausenpark .

prehistory

The agricultural use of the area by the Holzhausen family dates back to the Middle Ages . At that time the area was called Holzhausen Oed . The designation "Oed" or "Oede" refers to a heath that was located far outside the fortified city of Frankfurt .

Here stood a moated castle in the then much larger castle pond, which was increased and expanded in 1540, but was destroyed in 1552 during the siege of Frankfurt by Protestant imperial princes around Moritz von Sachsen . The earliest known pictorial representation, the Holzhausen Oed , on the map by Conrad Faber von Kreuznach , which shows the fire during the siege, also dates from this time . In 1571 the complex was restored.

construction

In 1729 Johann Hieronymus von Holzhausen had a small moated castle built on the foundations of the moated castle according to plans by Louis Remy de la Fosse, who had died shortly before, as a representative summer residence for his family. As a member of the uppermost bourgeois class of the Free Imperial City of Frankfurt , he thus imitated a lifestyle that was used by the contemporary nobility .

The building is a simple rectangular building with five window axes on the broad side and three window axes on the narrow side. The building is covered by a two-story mansard roof , the upper floor of which forms a square skylight . It is accessed via a three-arched stone bridge , which probably replaced a drawbridge of the previous building and was covered before the Second World War . The arched portal of the building could be a remnant of the Renaissance complex. It leads to the entrance floor , above which there is the bel étage as well as another full floor . Below the entrance level, directly above the water level, there is another, a "basement".

Further use

Wooden house gate on Oeder Weg and access avenue to the castle

Due to the overbuilding of a large part of the park area that was carried out in the Wilhelminian era , the once sweeping representative gesture of the complex can hardly be experienced today. Read in radicals is its vastness nor the location of the resulting wrought iron gate from the late 18th century Louis XVI style, the rest of the former enclosure on Oeder Weg , about 200 meters from the castle, combined with an avenue whose chestnut trees from date from around 1910. At that time, the castle pond was also reduced to 0.2 hectares.

The last male member of the von Holzhausen family, Rittmeister Adolph von Holzhausen , donated the castle and the surrounding park to the city of Frankfurt am Main. This housed the Frankfurt department of the Reich Archives . In 1944, the building was damaged by aerial bombs during the air raids on Frankfurt am Main , which were removed after 1949.

From 1953 to 1988 the small castle housed the Frankfurt Museum of Prehistory and Early History . The exhibition showed finds from the archeology of Frankfurt, but was spatially very limited from the start. Initially, only the ground floor and staircase were available as exhibition rooms. A permanent exhibition on the Roman city of NIDA-Heddernheim has been located in the Teutonic Order House since 1976 . The spatial situation of the museum only improved with the move in 1989 to the present museum building in the Carmelite monastery .

Since 1989, the Holzhausenschlösschen has been the seat of the Frankfurt community foundation , which fundamentally rebuilt the interior in 1995 and 2014. Cultural events take place here regularly.

literature

Web links

Commons : Holzhausenschlösschen  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ NordEnd , No. 3, 2011, p. 7.

Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 34 "  N , 8 ° 40 ′ 45"  E