Heddernheim Castle

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The street front of the former castle

The Heddernheimer Schloss (formerly called Neues Schloss ) is an early modern palace built by the von Riedt family in what is now Frankfurt 's Heddernheim district in Hesse .

location

The former castle is located at 30 Alt-Heddernheim in the east of Heddernheim, not far from the bank of the Nidda River .

history

Coat of arms on the lock

The Barons von Riedt, heirs of Philipp Wolfgang von Praunheim-Klettenberg (the builder of Philippseck Castle , seller of the Klettenburg family castle and the last one from Klettenburg) only came to their inheritance around 1720 after long disputes over inheritance.

Philipp Wilhelm von Riedt, former colonel of a dragoon regiment , later general of the Electorate of Mainz and governor of the city and fortress Mainz , had the small castle with a castle chapel built in Heddernheim, which had come into the possession of the Barons von Riedt in 1720 . The castle became the headquarters of the von Riedt family. The Catholic aristocratic family came from the Rheingau . The general died in 1764 without a male heir. Through the marriage of his daughter, it came into the possession of the barons of Breidbach-Bürresheim , who now also called themselves "von Riedt" and who lived in the castle until 1878. Since the Breidbach-Bürresheim called Riedt were relatives of the then Elector of Mainz Emmerich Joseph von Breidbach zu Bürresheim , but also high officials at the court of Nassau , the Heddernheimer Schloss was often the scene of festive events at this time, at which the Duke was also present used to pull up in a four-in- hand. In 1803 the sovereign rights of Mainz came to the Principality of Nassau with the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss (from 1806: Duchy of Nassau ).

After 1878 the property was no longer used by the owners themselves. In 1889 the castle was rededicated as a noble old monastery and served as the " Auguste Victoria Pen", named after the last Queen of Prussia , and was inhabited by noble ladies such as Freiin von der Goltz and Countess Hatzfeld .

In 1908, Baron Hubert Anton von Breidbach sold the property with all of the lands to the city of Frankfurt. The owners had before in about 30 years Oberpfalz the Schloss Fronberg purchased and were moved there; the former gentlemen of Heddernheim can be seen there on oil paintings in the castle rooms.

After being used as a hospital in the First World War from 1914 to 1918, it was converted and expanded to accommodate families.

investment

lock

The family coat of arms of the builders on the Nidda side

The main wing of the New Palace still exists. The Heddernheim palace building was severely damaged by aerial bombs during World War II . The attic, now a hipped roof , was no longer rebuilt in the old style.

The two-storey baroque building consists of two L-shaped wings attached to one another: a nine-axis south-east wing facing the street and a seven-axis south-west wing facing the entrance. At the rear are modern buildings that house a day-care center. The windows of the castle have simple rectangular sandstone portals. The longer part of the castle facing the street is the main building.

The Heddernheimer Schloss has two coat of arms stones , an older one in the middle of the southeast facade and the younger one in the middle of the southwest facade above the entrance, both between the rows of windows on the ground floor and first floor.

The older double coat of arms facing the street is from Philipp Wilhelm von Riedt and his wife, Maria Eleonore Catharina Knebel von Katzenelnbogen .

Heraldically on the right the coat of arms of those of Riedt ( vom Riedt or von Riedt von Lorch ) shows a red slanting grid in silver, covered by a red bar. The upper coat of arms , not shown here, would be a silver flight with a red inclined grille on the crowned helmet with red-silver covers, covered on both sides with the red bar of the main coat of arms.

The heraldic left coat of arms represents the increased coat of arms of the toggles of Katzenelnbogen, it is square, fields 1 and 4 in silver are a red shield, in the upper right corner the family coat of arms is accompanied by a black ring , fields 2 and 3 - in black a gold one Bar, which is accompanied by three (2: 1 divided) golden balls, the former coat of arms of the Grorodt. Even if the design looks like rings, they are correctly spheres. The coat of arms of the family, which died out in 1678 with Melchior von Grorodt, came from his daughter Anna Maria Sidonia, who married Johann Philipp Knebel von Katzenelnbogen as their fourth wife. The two named were the parents of Eichstätter Prince-Bishop Johann Anton I. Knebel von Katzenelnbogen, who was notorious for his luxurious life in the style of an absolutist ruler and a corrupt administration . The gags from Katzenelnbogen were original Rhenish nobility .

On the south-west side of the property, the second younger coat of arms stone is attached above the centrally arranged door. This stone is also quartered, fields 1 and 4 show a blue crowned red dragon in silver, fields 2 and 3 the already well-known slanting grid in silver and above the red bar. It represents the union of the coats of arms of those of Breidbach zu Bürresheim and those of Riedt . The escutcheon is spanned at the top by a foliage crown , behind it are helmet cover-like fantasy ornaments that do not correspond to the normal heraldic style, because helmet covers actually require a helmet, but here completely missing. On the other hand, this would also be stylistically missed if a crown was used instead of an upper coat of arms.

Philipp Wilhelm von Riedt's heir daughter had married a gentleman from Breidbach-Bürresheim. This family split into two lines. The older line died out with Franz Ludwig Anselm von Breidbach-Bürresheim (1718 to February 21, 1796). With the death of Wilhelm von Riedt in 1764, the younger line took over the inheritance including the village of Heddernheim and the associated estates in Praunheim , Ginnheim , Eschersheim , Niederursel , Bonames and Harheim - now called von Riedt under the combined name of Barons von Breidbach-Bürresheim .

Catholic chapel

In the house church of the Holy Cross set up in the castle, the Catholic priest of Weißkirchen first celebrated Holy Mass for the stately family, their numerous Catholic servants and the few local Catholics . Soon afterwards, Mr. von Riedt appointed his own clergyman at his own expense (100 guilders per year with free board and lodging) , who from 1746 also headed the newly founded Catholic parish Heddernheim. "When the palace was built, my most ardent intention was to restore the Catholic church service, which had been troubled by Swedish war troubles in 1631", as Philipp Wilhelm von Riedt noted.

Castle Park

The churchyard, which was used before the Thirty Years' War and is located directly in front of the castle, was included in the new castle park . As a green area and children's playground , the former cemetery area has remained undeveloped to this day. The castle park stretched from Niddaufer to today's Oranienstraße (then: Taunusstraße ) and reached south to today's Diezerstraße (then: Schulgasse ), north to about the current confluence of Gerningstraße with Oranienstraße . Another area extends to the southwest adjacent to the entrance area of ​​the castle. It is a walled square with old trees.

literature

  • Paula Henrich: On the history of Heddernheim and its Catholic community . Frankfurt am Main, June 1969, especially from p. 32 ff.

Web links

Commons : Heddernheimer Schloss  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In the 18th century the street was called Holzgasse , later on until the village was incorporated into Frankfurt Langgasse and since then Alt Heddernheim .
  2. ↑ The name of this noble family can be found in the documents in the most diverse variations: Grärod, Grarath, Graurod, Graenrodt - all possible spellings can be found
  3. ↑ For more information see under his last wife Anna von Gemmingen or Gans'scher Adelshof in Groß-Umstadt
  4. ↑ A picture of the coat of arms at www.welt-der-wappen.de/Heraldik: Schloss Heddernheim see pictures below

Coordinates: 50 ° 9 ′ 29.4 "  N , 8 ° 38 ′ 55.8"  E